A researcher notes: 'A dragonfly's wing and a sparrow's wing both power flight, but the last ancestor they share had no wings at all.' Which term names structures like these?

A biologist records that a cave fish has tiny nonworking eyes under its skin, inherited from river ancestors that could see. Which term names a structure like this?

In one beetle population, some individuals have hard shells and some soft, and shell color runs from tan to black. Which term names these inherited differences among individuals?

A poultry farmer keeps only the hens that lay the most eggs and breeds from them each year. After 30 years the flock's egg output has doubled. Which term names what the farmer did?

A geologist finds the same short-lived trilobite species in rock layers on three continents and uses it to match the ages of those layers. Which term names this kind of evidence?

Hawks reach an island where lizards had no predators. Within ten generations, fast-running lizards make up most of the population. Which term names the role the hawks play in this change?

DNA sequences and skeletons show that two lizard species both descend from one earlier species that lived five million years ago. Which term names that earlier species?

Which sentence uses the word 'adaptation' the way a biologist would?

Which sentence uses the phrase 'natural selection' the way a biologist would?

Which sentence uses the word 'evolved' the way a biologist would?

Which sentence uses the word 'species' the way a biologist would?

Which sentence uses the word 'fossil' the way a biologist would?

Which sentence uses the word 'trait' the way a biologist would?

Which sentence uses the word 'population' the way a biologist would?

A paleontologist writes: 'This ammonite appears in layers 200 to 66 million years old and in none younger, worldwide. It was ______ by 66 million years ago.' Which word completes the note?

A field notebook reads: 'Older layers hold only simple sea animals; younger layers add fish, then reptiles, then mammals. This ordered evidence of life through time is the ______.' Which term completes it?

A geologist's note reads: 'The trilobite bed lies 12 meters below the ammonite bed in this undisturbed cliff, so it is older. The stacked layers here are the ______.' Which term completes it?

A researcher's field note reads: 'The mole's digging forelimb and the bat's wing hold the same bones in the same order, inherited from a shared ancestor. These are ______ structures.' Which word completes it?

A lab notebook reads: 'Early on, the chicken, the turtle and the human each show a tail and pharyngeal pouches, which later disappear.' This evidence comes from comparing ______. Which term completes it?

A field note reads: 'The saguaro stores water in its stem, and its waxy skin loses little to the dry air. Each helps it survive here, so each is an ______.' Which term completes it?