A camera flash leaves a faint visual trace for a moment after the light is gone. Which memory store briefly held that raw sensory information?

A student repeats a locker combination while walking, then loses it when a friend interrupts. Which store had been holding the digits?

A graduate still remembers the name of her elementary school years later. Which store is keeping that information?

After a teacher stops speaking, a student can still mentally hear the last few words for a few seconds. Which sensory memory subtype held the sound?

A sparkler seems to leave a brief trail of light after it moves. Which sensory memory subtype holds that visual trace?

During mental math, Eli keeps numbers active and rearranges them to solve the problem. Which memory system is doing that active work?

Without rehearsal, information in short-term memory usually lasts about how long?

Without chunking, how many items can short-term memory typically hold at once in the classic estimate?

Iconic memory, the visual sensory register, usually lasts for about how long?

Echoic memory, the auditory sensory register, usually lasts for about how long?

Which statement best describes working-memory capacity during active thinking?

In the three-stage memory figure, [blank] is the first store after external input and before attention to short-term memory. Which store belongs there?

In the figure, [blank] is the store after attention and before encoding into long-term memory. Which store belongs there?

In the figure, [blank] labels the process that puts information into long-term storage. Which process belongs there?

The figure shows information returning from long-term memory to active use. Which process belongs in [blank]?

In the figure, [blank] is the transition that selects some sensory input for short-term memory. Which process belongs there?

In the figure, [blank] is the loop that keeps material active in short-term memory before storage. Which process belongs there?

In Baddeley's working-memory model, which component holds and rehearses verbal sounds such as a phone number?

A student pictures the route from the gym to the library while giving directions. Which working-memory component is handling that mental map?

A student decides when to listen, when to write, and when to ignore a hallway noise. Which working-memory component directs that attention?

A student combines words from a story, mental images, and prior knowledge into one scene. Which Baddeley component binds those sources?

A face in a crowd is briefly registered by sight, but focusing on it moves it into short-term memory. What process made that transfer possible?

Jada keeps a code active by silently repeating it until she types it. What process is she using?

A learner stores a new term by linking its meaning to a personal example. What process best describes that storage strategy?

A lab partner gives seven digits, but the last ones fade before they are written down because no one rehearses them. What loss process occurred?