In the figure, the [blank] box holds the stimulus that naturally caused salivation before training. It is the ___.

In the figure, the [blank] box holds the dog’s natural salivation to meat powder before training. It is the ___.

In the figure, the [blank] box holds the tone that triggers salivation after repeated pairings with food. It is the ___.

In the figure, the [blank] box holds salivation to the bell alone after training. It is the ___.

In the figure, the [blank] box holds the learned fear to the white rat alone. It is the ___.

In the after-training panel, the tone alone produces salivation. That salivation is the ___.

In the before-training panel, food produces salivation without any learning. That salivation is the ___.

In the figure, the [blank] box holds the loud noise that naturally causes fear before training. It is the ___.

A dog hears an electric can opener and runs to its bowl drooling because the sound has often preceded food. The can opener sound is the ___.

A student gets a stomach virus after eating tacos; later, taco smell makes him nauseated. In the original learning, the virus was the ___.

After several painful visits, the dentist’s drill sound makes a patient tense before any pain begins. The tension to the drill sound is the ___.

In an eye-blink experiment, a puff of air makes a person blink before any tone is paired with it. The puff of air is the ___.

In an eye-blink experiment, the blink caused by a puff of air before training is the ___.

A cat hears a can opener paired with tuna many times, then salivates when the opener runs by itself. The salivation to the opener is the ___.

A toddler hears thunder while looking at a large dog and later cries when seeing that dog. The dog has become the ___.

Before any pairing with food, a new cafeteria chime causes no mouth-watering. At that moment, the chime is a ___.

A tone is repeatedly followed by food, and the dog gradually begins salivating to the tone. This learning phase is ___.

A bell once made a dog drool, but after many bell-only trials the drooling fades. This loss of the learned response is ___.

A bell response was extinguished yesterday, but today the bell causes weak drooling again without new training. This is ___.

A child’s fear of a tone was extinguished, but after a weekend break the same tone causes mild fear again. The return shows ___.

A person who fears elevators rides one again and again with nothing bad happening, and the fear slowly fades. This fading relies on ___.

A child conditioned to fear one fluffy white rabbit also cries at a white stuffed toy and a white dog. This is ___.

A dog salivates to a 1000 Hz tone paired with food but not to 900 Hz or 1100 Hz tones. This is ___.

After cherry medicine causes nausea, a child feels sick at the smell of cherry candy and cherry soda. This shows ___.

A lab animal blinks to a red light paired with an air puff but not to a green light never paired with the puff. This shows ___.

Pavlov’s classical conditioning work demonstrated that ___.

Watson and Rayner’s work with Little Albert was taken to show that ___.

Garcia and Koelling’s rat studies are used to show that ___.

The learned avoidance of a food after it has been associated with nausea is called ___.

A diner becomes nauseated hours after eating shrimp and avoids shrimp for years after one meal. This strong one-trial learning best shows ___.