Use the route on the sketchmap. Which voyage followed this path?

A sketchmap shows ships leaving Spain and crossing west to islands in the Caribbean. Which voyage is shown?

Read the route: it leaves Spain, reaches southern South America, crosses the Pacific, and stops in the Philippines. Which expedition began this route?

The route runs down Africa's coast, passes the southern tip, continues a little east, and then turns back. Which voyage does it match?

The track crosses from Portugal to the South American coast, then turns southeast toward southern Africa and India. Who commanded that 1500 voyage?

A route leaves Bristol and crosses the North Atlantic to the east coast of Canada. Which explorer sailed for England on this route in 1497?

Study the route from Saint-Malo into the Gulf and River of St. Lawrence. Which navigator is best matched to it?

The sketchmap traces one ship north along the Atlantic coast from Carolina toward New York Bay and Maine. Which explorer does it show?

A route begins in Europe, crosses to the North American coast, and sails up a river in present-day New York. Which voyage is shown?

On the map, a north-south line lies west of Cape Verde, with Brazil to its east and the Caribbean to its west. What did that placement allow?

Read the wind arrows on the Atlantic sketchmap. Which route would best use both belts for an Atlantic round trip?

The arrow shows the wind that carried ships from East Africa to India. Which knowledge made this crossing easier for da Gama's pilots?

The map shows the route of Bartolomeu Dias's voyage of 1487 to 1488. What did his voyage prove to Europeans?

The route crosses a narrow passage at the tip of South America from the Atlantic side to the Pacific side. Which discovery does it represent?

The sketchmap shows a ship entering a far northern bay and stopping among ice instead of reaching Asia. What was the goal of this search?

A route crosses the narrow land bridge of Panama from the Caribbean side and reaches the ocean on its southern side. Which Spanish expedition leader is matched to it?

European buyers paid high prices for pepper, cloves, and nutmeg after those goods passed through many middlemen. What did Portugal hope a sea route to Asia would do?

Columbus argued that sailing west could reach the Indies. Why did Ferdinand and Isabella support the attempt?

Why did the fall of Constantinople and high Mediterranean costs matter to Atlantic exploration?

Prince Henry of Portugal sponsored voyages down Africa's coast. Which goal fits those expeditions?

Why did England and France send explorers such as Cabot, Verrazzano, and Cartier after Iberian voyages?

Spices were small, durable, and expensive in European markets. Why did that make them attractive cargo?

Which religious motive often accompanied European exploration in the 1400s and 1500s?

In mercantilist thinking, why were overseas colonies and controlled trade routes valuable?

A small Portuguese vessel could work along coasts and tack better into contrary winds. Which ship type is being described?

Which navigation tool helped sailors estimate latitude by measuring the height of the sun or a star above the horizon?

A pilot needs to hold a course across open water even when land is out of sight. Which tool most directly gives direction?

Portolan charts were most useful to mariners because they showed what information especially well?

A navigator records heading, speed, and time, then estimates the ship's new position. What method is this?

Why did carracks serve well on long ocean voyages and cargo runs?

On a four-hour watch, sailors used pegs to note each half-hour's course and speed. What was the device?

Why did knowledge of Atlantic trade winds and westerlies matter to explorers?

A Portuguese fleet left Lisbon in 1497, rounded Africa, and reached Calicut in 1498. What was the voyage's major result?

What happened after Bartolomeu Dias rounded southern Africa in 1488?

Columbus reached Caribbean islands in 1492 while believing he had reached the Indies. Which statement describes the actual outcome?

Five ships left Spain under Magellan in 1519, but one ship returned in 1522. What happened to Magellan himself?

Cabral sailed from Portugal in 1500 on a mission to India. Which unexpected event occurred first?

John Cabot sailed under Henry VII's authority in 1497. What claim did his landfall support?

Jacques Cartier's voyages are tied most closely to which region?

Giovanni da Verrazzano sailed along North America's Atlantic coast for France in 1524. What was he mainly searching for?

Juan Ponce de León's 1513 voyage is best known for what result?

Vasco Núñez de Balboa led a Spanish expedition across the Isthmus of Panama in 1513. What did the expedition achieve?

Why did Amerigo Vespucci become important to European mapmaking?

Henry Hudson's last voyage ended after wintering in the far north. What happened in 1611?

What did Spain and Portugal agree to in the Treaty of Tordesillas?

How did the Treaty of Tordesillas revise the earlier papal line of 1493?

Which outcome followed from Brazil's position relative to the Tordesillas line?

Why did the Treaty of Tordesillas not settle all Atlantic rivalries?

Spain and Portugal later disputed claims near the Spice Islands. Which agreement addressed the opposite side of the Tordesillas line?

After reaching India by sea, how did Portugal try to profit from the Indian Ocean trade?