A sculptor presses soft clay over a wire framework, adding more clay and shaping it with thumbs and wooden tools. Which making method is being used?

A sculptor begins with a marble block and removes material with a point chisel until a figure emerges. What method is this?

An artist bolts discarded bicycle gears, a shovel blade, and metal rods into one three-dimensional work. How is this sculpture made?

Molten metal is poured into a prepared hollow mold, cools, and hardens into a figure. Which method produced the figure?

A sculptor builds a papier-mâché animal by repeatedly adding wet paper strips over a form. Which broad process best describes this work?

While making a limestone portrait, an artist cuts away every area that will not remain in the finished head. This is an example of which process?

In lost-wax casting, a finished wax figure is covered with an outer clay investment and heated. What does the heating do to the wax?

Before encasing a wax model in a clay investment, a bronze caster attaches wax rods to it. After firing, what is the main purpose of the channels those rods leave?

After molten bronze has cooled inside a clay investment mold, what must a caster usually do next to reveal the cast object?

Why is a clay core placed inside many hollow lost-wax bronze sculptures?

A foundry makes a piece mold from an artist's original clay model, then uses that mold to create several wax versions. What advantage does this indirect lost-wax method have?

A life-size figure balances on one leg and extends an arm far into open space without a stone strut. Which material is best suited to that open pose?

An artist wants to reveal a figure by gradually removing material from a fine-grained stone that can be polished to a smooth, luminous finish. Which material best fits that plan?

A sculptor forms a small vessel from moist clay, lets it dry, then fires it at a low temperature, leaving a porous body. What material category does the finished work belong to?

A carver follows the direction of the grain to reduce splitting as a tall figure takes shape. Which material is being used?

A sculptor needs to refine tiny facial details by pressing and moving a soft, plastic material before it hardens. Which material is most suitable?

Why might a marble sculptor leave a connecting bridge of stone between an outstretched arm and the torso?

A conservator finds a sculpture with a green surface layer formed over time on copper-alloy metal. What is that surface layer called?

A figure projects only slightly from its background slab; most of its body remains close to the surface. How should it be classified?

In a carved panel, a figure's head and arms project strongly outward, creating deep shadows, but the figure remains attached to the background. What type of relief is it?

A bronze figure is fully finished on every side and can be viewed by walking around it. What is its classification?

A narrative scene is carved into a wall so that every human figure remains connected to the wall behind it. What general format is this?

Which visible feature would distinguish a freestanding figure from even a very deep relief carving?

A shallow image is pressed into a clay tablet so its lines sink below the original surface rather than projecting outward. Which term describes the sunken design?

Before applying clay to a large standing figure, a sculptor builds a rigid internal framework of rods and wire. What is this framework called?

An artist creates a small preliminary version of a planned public monument to test its pose and proportions. What is this small study called?

After a bronze is removed from its mold, a metalworker cuts away the sprues and refines seams and surface details with tools. What finishing process is this?

A clay figure slumps at the neck while the sculptor is still building it. Which studio change would best prevent this problem?

An X-ray shows a large bronze figure is hollow, with a central core and small plugged openings in its surface. Which method most likely made it?

A statue retains rows of pointed chisel marks in recessed areas, and no seams or hollow interior are present. How was it most likely made?