In 1607, English colonists built a fort beside a river in Virginia. This became the first permanent English settlement in North America. What was it called?

In 1608, colonists founded Quebec on the St. Lawrence River and used it as the center of their fur trade. Which colonial power founded Quebec?

Colonists built the town of New Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island and shipped furs from it back across the ocean. This town was the center of which colony?

French traders traveled by canoe along the St. Lawrence and Mississippi rivers and exchanged metal tools and cloth with Indigenous nations. What did they mainly trade for and ship to Europe?

Spain founded St. Augustine in 1565. It is the oldest permanent European settlement in what is now the United States. Where was it built?

During the 1500s and 1600s, one colonial power sent missionaries north from Mexico into the Southwest, where they built missions among Indigenous peoples. Which colonial power was it?

English colonists arrived with their families along the Atlantic coast, cleared the forest, and stayed. What did most of them mainly want from North America?

In the 1540s, Francisco Vasquez de Coronado led a Spanish expedition across the Southwest. What were he and his men mainly hoping to find?

The Dutch colony of New Netherland was run by a private trading company called the Dutch West India Company.

New France held far fewer colonists than the English colonies along the Atlantic coast. What is one reason for that difference?

Which European country started the colony of Jamestown in 1607?

Which European country founded St. Augustine in present-day Florida?

New France was mainly located along the St. Lawrence River and around the Great Lakes.

Which colonial power founded New Amsterdam, which later became New York City?

Which French explorer founded the settlement of Quebec in 1608?

Which country claimed large areas in the Southwest, Florida, and parts of the West?

European colonial powers competed for land, resources, and trade in North America.

Which colonial power established the 13 colonies that later became the United States?

What was one major reason European countries sent explorers and settlers to North America?

French colonists usually built large plantation colonies in Canada like those in the southern English colonies.

The Powhatan, Iroquois, and Huron were already living in North America when Europeans arrived. What are groups like these called?

In 1513, a Spanish explorer became the first European known to reach Florida. A famous legend says he was searching for a fountain of youth. Who was he?

The Dutch colony of New Netherland was located mainly along the Hudson River.

Which colonial power controlled Canada for much of the early colonial period before Britain took it?

What was a common way colonies helped European countries?

Which ocean did English colonists cross to settle on the east coast of North America?

European colonization often caused conflict and hardship for Indigenous peoples.

The city of Quebec grew into the capital of a large colony. Which colony was it?

What was the main purpose of many Spanish missions?

Most of the English colonies were built far inland, away from the Atlantic coast.

Which European country took control of New Netherland and renamed New Amsterdam as New York?

Why were rivers important to French and Dutch colonies?

In 1638, settlers from northern Europe started a colony along the Delaware River, but the Dutch took it over in 1655. What was this colony called?

Some European colonists formed trade relationships and alliances with Indigenous nations.

French traders shipped many beaver pelts back to Europe. What was beaver fur mainly made into there?

Which city, founded by the Spanish around 1610, became the capital of their colony of New Mexico?

In the French and Indian War, Britain and France fought on the same side against Spain.

What did England, France, Spain, and the Netherlands all do in North America?

Spanish colonists brought horses to North America. What did horses mainly give Plains Indigenous peoples?

The locations of colonies were often chosen because of access to water, trade routes, and resources.