In Monet's Impression, Sunrise, loose strokes make the harbor, water, and small orange sun seem to shimmer. What artistic priority does this handling emphasize?

A landscape is built from short, visible strokes of blue, yellow, and violet rather than smoothly blended paint. What technique is most evident?

From across the room, separate blue and yellow marks in an Impressionist painting seem to fuse into a greenish effect. What is occurring?

What does the term plein air mean when describing an Impressionist painter's working method?

A plein-air painter often kept an outdoor session to under two hours before packing up. Why did the session need to be so short?

Monet painted Rouen Cathedral from the same viewpoint in blue morning shadow and in orange late light. What was he recording?

Two paintings show the same haystack, one violet in winter light and one gold in summer light. Why repeat the subject?

A painter returns to the same cathedral facade at different hours instead of seeking new scenery. This is best described as what practice?

Renoir's Luncheon of the Boating Party shows diners, boaters, bottles, and a river terrace. Why was this a modern Impressionist subject?

In Luncheon of the Boating Party, casually dressed friends eat and talk on a restaurant terrace by the Seine. Which subject category does this belong to?

Degas crops dancers at the edge, tilts the floor steeply upward, and leaves broad empty space. What visual source most influenced this unusual framing?

Degas's ballet rehearsal scenes often show dancers practicing or waiting rather than performing for an audience. What does this subject make visible?

In Morisot's The Cradle, a woman watches an infant through a gauzy curtain. What subject range did Morisot's social position help her observe closely?

The gauzy veil in Morisot's The Cradle partly screens the sleeping infant while the mother leans toward the bassinet. What effect does this create?

Cassatt's The Coiffure shows a woman arranging her hair before a mirror with flat color, patterns, and an oblique view. Which influence is most visible?

Mary Cassatt made The Coiffure with drypoint and aquatint printed in color from plates. What category of artwork is it?

Across her paintings, pastels, and prints, which subject did Mary Cassatt return to most often?

Why did the Impressionists organize exhibitions independent of the Salon?

The first independent Impressionist exhibition opened in 1874 in whose Paris studio?

Which critic's mocking review of the 1874 exhibition, inspired by Monet's Impression, Sunrise, gave the movement its name?

The Salon generally favored polished historical narratives and meticulous finish. What did many Impressionists offer instead?

New synthetic pigments such as cobalt blue, chrome yellow, and emerald green became available in the 1800s. How did they affect Impressionist painting?

Why did new rail lines matter to Impressionist painters as well as to their leisure-seeking subjects?

A student says every Impressionist canvas was finished outdoors in one sitting. Which correction is best?

In Monet's haystack paintings, shadows are painted in blues and violets instead of brown or black. Why did Impressionists color shadows this way?

Compare a river leisure scene with a traditional Salon history painting. What made the Impressionist scene radical as a subject?

Morisot's The Cradle was exhibited with the independent group in 1874. Which feature best connects it to Impressionism?

A painting uses rapidly placed color strokes to catch a particular moment of weather rather than carefully outlining every object. Which movement is it most likely?

How does Pointillism differ most clearly from typical Impressionist broken color?

In Cassatt's The Coiffure, the woman is seen from behind and again in the mirror beside her. What does the mirror add to the composition?

Why are cropped figures and off-center space in Degas's dance scenes important to the composition?

In 1891 Monet exhibited fifteen of his Haystacks paintings together at Durand-Ruel's gallery. What did showing them as a group encourage viewers to do?

Which nineteenth-century material innovation most directly supported full paintings made outdoors?

True or False: The artists in the first Impressionist exhibition did not all paint alike, but they shared resistance to the Salon's control over exhibiting.

In Impression, Sunrise, smokestacks and cranes rise in the haze behind the harbor at Le Havre. What does this background show about Monet's subject?