In Picasso's 1910 Portrait of Ambroise Vollard, the dealer's head and torso dissolve into tilted gray-brown facets. What traditional spatial premise has been rejected?

Why does the limited gray, ochre, and brown palette in Portrait of Ambroise Vollard make the viewer work to identify the sitter?

A viewer can locate an eye, a hand, and parts of a suit in Picasso's Portrait of Ambroise Vollard, but not a stable body contour. What does this demonstrate about Analytic Cubism?

The shallow, relieflike space of Portrait of Ambroise Vollard refuses a convincing view into a room. Which earlier illusionistic device is being resisted?

A student calls Picasso's Portrait of Ambroise Vollard a Futurist work because it is fractured. Which visible feature better supports an Analytic Cubist reading?

In Portrait of Ambroise Vollard, which response best describes the viewer's role?

In Portrait of Ambroise Vollard, open-edged facets let the sitter's planes slide into the background. What effect does this blending of figure and ground have?

In Still Life with Chair Caning, Picasso pasted printed oilcloth that imitates chair caning onto the oval canvas. What claim does this material intervention make?

The rope edging Still Life with Chair Caning is neither painted illusionistically nor hidden behind the canvas. How does it change the work's relation to its frame?

The painted letters JOU in Still Life with Chair Caning suggest a newspaper while remaining flat marks on the surface. This tension chiefly questions what?

Which development most clearly distinguishes Synthetic Cubism from the earlier Analytic phase?

What is the best art-historical term for the pasted-paper procedure used by Picasso and Braque beginning in 1912?

Why does a pasted oilcloth pattern in Still Life with Chair Caning undermine the idea of the painting as a transparent window?

A 1913 to 1914 Cubist still life uses bright, flat, overlapping shapes and simple outlines instead of tiny gray facets. Which movement or phase does it most directly represent?

In Boccioni's Unique Forms of Continuity in Space, fins and swelling contours stream behind a striding figure. What does this treatment ask sculpture to register?

Which modern condition did Futurist artists most enthusiastically seek to make visible in works such as Unique Forms of Continuity in Space?

A class compares Boccioni's striding figure Unique Forms of Continuity in Space with an Analytic Cubist still life. What does Boccioni add to fractured form that the Cubist still life usually does not emphasize?

The polished bronze of Unique Forms of Continuity in Space contributes to its Futurist meaning because it visually evokes what?

Why is the absence of arms in Unique Forms of Continuity in Space not simply an anatomical mistake?

Malevich's 1916 Suprematist Composition presents colored geometric planes on a light ground without a depicted scene. Which term best describes this approach?

What artistic aim is most consistent with the floating geometric forms of Malevich's Suprematist Composition?

Tatlin's Monument to the Third International was conceived as a spiraling structure with planned offices inside. What feature most clearly separates its program from Malevich's Suprematism?

Tatlin planned his Monument to the Third International in iron and glass, the materials of industry. What Constructivist principle does this choice of materials reflect?

A leaning iron framework encloses rotating glass chambers intended for an international organization. Which movement does that proposed object most directly represent?

Mondrian's Composition with Red, Blue and Yellow restricts itself to orthogonal black lines, white or gray fields, and primary colors. What larger aim did this reduction serve?

Why would a diagonal slash conflict with the visual language of Mondrian's Composition with Red, Blue and Yellow?

The unequal rectangles in Mondrian's Composition with Red, Blue and Yellow do not mirror one another. How can the composition still feel stable?

A painting uses only verticals, horizontals, black grid lines, and red, blue, yellow, white, and gray fields. Which movement is the strongest attribution?

In Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, the two figures at right have sharply masklike, grooved faces unlike the figures at left. Picasso's formal interest in those heads drew especially on what?

Five figures in Les Demoiselles d'Avignon press against a shallow, splintered space rather than standing naturally in a room. What convention is this spatial compression challenging?

Les Demoiselles d'Avignon was painted in 1907, before the fully developed Analytic Cubist portraits of 1910–12. Why is it still central to Cubism's history?

Several women in Les Demoiselles d'Avignon stare straight out at the viewer. What effect does this frontal gaze have?

Les Demoiselles d'Avignon mixes faces in very different styles, from almond-eyed heads to sharply masklike ones. What does this show about the work's visual language?

A Cubist violin is broken into still gray facets, while a Futurist painting repeats a dog's legs and leash in a sequence. What contrast is most accurate?

Both a Cubist still life and a Futurist city scene use fractured planes. If the city scene's diagonals and repetitions make buildings seem to surge forward, what is the Futurist priority?