Identical twins reared apart still often resemble each other in temperament more than unrelated pairs do. What does that finding support?

In an adoption study, why compare children with both biological and adoptive relatives?

In psychology, what does heritability describe?

A student with a genetic tendency toward high activity joins sports teams that further build stamina. What concept does this best illustrate?

What are genes made of and carried on in the cell nucleus?

In the hierarchy diagram, which division belongs at [blank] and contains the brain and spinal cord?

Which nervous-system division includes nerves outside the brain and spinal cord that connect the body to the CNS?

A dancer voluntarily raises her arm when the music starts. Which division directly controls that skeletal-muscle movement?

Heart rate, digestion, and gland activity change without conscious control. Which division regulates those functions?

A driver slams the brakes and feels her heart race and palms sweat. Which autonomic branch is most active?

After the danger passes, a person's heart rate slows and digestion resumes. Which autonomic branch is most active?

In the neuron figure, which part belongs at [blank], receiving signals from other neurons?

In the neuron figure, which part belongs at [blank], carrying the impulse away from the cell body?

In the synapse figure, which space belongs at [blank] between the sending and receiving neurons?

What is an action potential?

A stimulus below threshold produces no neural impulse, while a stimulus above threshold produces a full impulse. Which principle is shown?

Right after a neuron fires, it briefly cannot fire again while it resets. What is that interval called?

Multiple sclerosis damages the myelin sheath around axons. What job does healthy myelin normally do?

Which neurotransmitter is especially important for muscle action, learning, and memory?

A shortage of which neurotransmitter is associated with the tremors and movement problems of Parkinson's disease?

Which neurotransmitter is commonly linked with mood, sleep, and appetite regulation?

Which neurotransmitter is the brain's major inhibitory messenger and helps quiet neural activity?

A drug binds to a receptor and activates it like the natural neurotransmitter would. What kind of drug action is this?

A medication binds to dopamine receptors but prevents dopamine from activating them. What kind of drug action is this?

On the brain map, which lobe belongs at [blank], the area that receives primary visual information?

On the brain map, which lobe belongs at [blank], the lobe that includes primary auditory cortex?

On the brain map, which structure belongs at [blank] and is crucial for forming new explicit memories?

On the brain map, which structure belongs at [blank] and is strongly involved in fear and emotion processing?

On the brain map, which brainstem structure belongs at [blank] and helps control heartbeat and breathing?

A soccer player with damage to one brain area has poor balance and clumsy coordinated movement. Which structure is most likely affected?

Which brain structure acts as a major relay station for most sensory information on its way to the cortex?

After a stroke, a patient understands speech but struggles to produce fluent words. Which area is most likely damaged?

On the brain map, which structure belongs at [blank], the fiber band connecting the two cerebral hemispheres?

Which endocrine gland is often called the master gland because it signals many other glands?

A sudden scare triggers epinephrine and norepinephrine release into the bloodstream. Which glands released those hormones?

Which gland releases hormones that help set the body's metabolic rate?

A researcher studies a patient whose small brain injury is followed by a specific loss of ability. Which approach is being used to infer function?

Which method records electrical activity from electrodes placed on the scalp, often as brain waves over time?

Students must choose a scan for structure versus task activity. What distinction should they use?

In split-brain research, a word flashed to the left visual field can be pointed to with the left hand but usually not spoken. What does this show?