In the 1824 election no candidate won a majority of electoral votes. The House of Representatives chose John Quincy Adams, who then named Henry Clay secretary of state. What did Jackson's supporters call this outcome?

Jackson took much of his political advice from a circle of friends and newspaper editors who held no department post, meeting them privately rather than working through his official cabinet. What was this circle called?

A South Carolina convention in 1832 declared the federal tariffs of 1828 and 1832 void and unenforceable inside the state, and threatened to leave the Union if force were used to collect the duties. What is this doctrine called?

After the federal deposits were withdrawn from the Second Bank of the United States in 1833, the Treasury placed the government's money in a group of selected state banks. What were those banks called?

In 1836 Jackson issued an executive order requiring that public land be paid for in gold or silver rather than in the paper notes that state banks were issuing freely. What was this order called?

A tariff passed in 1828 raised duties sharply on raw materials as well as manufactured goods. Southern planters, who sold cotton abroad and bought manufactured goods, gave it a hostile nickname. What was that nickname?

In July 1832 Jackson vetoed the bill to recharter the Second Bank of the United States, and Henry Clay made that veto the central issue of the presidential campaign that fall. What followed?

South Carolina declared the tariffs void within the state, and Jackson asked Congress for authority to use the army and navy to collect the duties. What did Congress do in 1833?

After South Carolina repealed its nullification ordinance in 1833, the same convention then declared the Force Bill itself null and void within the state.

By the 1820s and 1830s most states had dropped property qualifications for voting, so nearly all white men could vote, and in most states the voters themselves chose the presidential electors. What did this change about campaigning?

The Panic of 1837 struck weeks after Martin Van Buren took office, and he blamed the collapse on banks that held the government's money. What did he propose in response?

Jackson ordered the federal deposits removed from the Second Bank in 1833 and dismissed a treasury secretary who would not carry the order out. How did the Senate respond in 1834?

The Treaty of Payne's Landing of 1832 required the Seminole to give up their Florida lands and move west within three years. Many refused to go. What followed?

The Indian Removal Act, signed in May 1830, set out what the federal government could do about the Native nations living east of the Mississippi River. What did the act authorize?

After the Supreme Court decided Worcester v. Georgia in 1832, the federal government enforced the ruling and kept Georgia officials out of Cherokee territory.

In December 1835 a small faction of Cherokee signed the Treaty of New Echota while the nation's elected principal chief, John Ross, opposed it. What did the treaty provide?

Under the Treaty of New Echota the Cherokee were to be gone by May 1838. Most refused to move, and General Winfield Scott's troops rounded them up and drove them west. What happened on the march?

The Choctaw signed the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek in September 1830, giving up their remaining homeland in Mississippi. What was the Choctaw place in the removal that followed?

In 1832 Black Hawk led about a thousand Sauk and Fox people back across the Mississippi into northern Illinois, holding that the treaty ceding the land had never been valid. What was the outcome?

Jackson's 1832 veto message said: "It is to be regretted that the rich and powerful too often bend the acts of government to their selfish purposes." What position does the message take on the Second Bank?

In 1831 Chief Justice John Marshall wrote that the Cherokee "may, more correctly, perhaps, be denominated domestic dependent nations" whose relation to the United States "resembles that of a ward to his guardian." What did the Court decide?

In December 1832 Jackson told the people of South Carolina he considered "the power to annul a law of the United States, assumed by one State, incompatible with the existence of the Union." What position does this take?

Put these in the order they happened: the Specie Circular; the Tariff of Abominations; Jackson's veto of the Bank recharter bill; the Panic of 1837.

During the nullification crisis John C. Calhoun held that a state convention could declare a federal law void inside that state. How did Jackson's stated position differ?

The Whig party took shape in the 1830s in opposition to Jackson's Democrats. On economic policy, how did the two parties differ?