From 1789 Washington asked the heads of the three executive departments and the attorney general to meet with him regularly, giving written and spoken advice on policy before he decided. What institution did this practice create?

In its first session the new Congress passed a law fixing the Supreme Court at a chief justice and five associate justices, creating district and circuit courts beneath it, and establishing the office of attorney general. What was this law?

In 1796 Washington announced he would not stand for election again, and he left office in March 1797 after eight years. What precedent did this departure set?

In 1796 the House of Representatives demanded the papers from the treaty negotiation with Britain. Washington refused, saying the House had no constitutional part in making treaties. What precedent did his refusal establish?

In 1791 Congress chartered a private corporation, part-owned by the federal government, to hold federal deposits, issue notes that circulated as money, and handle payments on the public debt. What did Congress create?

In 1797 Adams sent three envoys to Paris. Agents of the French foreign minister Talleyrand demanded a large loan and a private payment before talks could begin. Adams published the dispatches with the agents' names removed. What is this episode called?

In 1794 farmers in western Pennsylvania attacked collectors of a federal excise on distilled spirits and shut down a county court. Washington called out roughly 13,000 militia; the resistance melted away before any battle. What did the outcome show?

In 1790 Hamilton's plan for the federal government to assume the states' war debts stalled in Congress, because states that had already paid their debts objected. A dinner bargain arranged by Jefferson broke the deadlock. What was traded for the votes?

The 1794 treaty John Jay negotiated in London was ratified by the Senate the following year despite fierce public protest. What had Britain actually agreed to do in it?

Between 1798 and 1800 American and French warships fought an undeclared naval conflict in the Caribbean. Against the wishes of much of his own faction, Adams sent a new peace mission to France. What resulted?

A 1798 statute made it a crime to publish false, scandalous and malicious writing against the government, Congress or the president, and it was written to expire in March 1801. What happened while it was in force?

In the presidential election of 1800 Jefferson and Burr each received 73 electoral votes, and the choice went to the House of Representatives, which took 36 ballots to settle it. What produced the tie?

Hamilton's 1790 report proposed paying the government's outstanding certificates of debt at their full face value to whoever held them. Madison objected. What did paying at full face value mean in practice?

Washington's 1796 valedictory states: 'The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending our commercial relations, to have with them as little political connection as possible.' Which policy does this line recommend?

The same 1796 address warns Americans 'in the most solemn manner against the baneful effects of the spirit of party generally.' What danger is Washington identifying?

Washington's April 1793 proclamation says the United States should 'adopt and pursue a conduct friendly and impartial toward the belligerent Powers.' What position does this take on the war then beginning in Europe?

A resolution passed by a state legislature in November 1798 declares that 'whensoever the general government assumes undelegated powers, its acts are unauthoritative, void, and of no force.' What claim is being made here?

The faction that formed around Hamilton pressed Congress in 1790 to have the federal government take over the war debts the individual states still owed. What was its argument for doing so?

The faction that formed around Jefferson and Madison drew its strongest support from planters and small farmers in the South and West. What position did it take on the federal excise Congress laid on distilled spirits in 1791?

War broke out between Britain and France in 1793. What position did the faction that formed around Hamilton take toward the two powers?

During the crisis with France in 1798 Congress voted to enlarge the regular army and recalled Washington as its nominal commander. What position did the faction around Jefferson and Madison take on this?

The faction that formed around Hamilton drew its strongest support from merchants, shippers and financiers in the Northeast. Which vision of the country's economic future did its leaders advance?

Put these in the order they happened: the Whiskey Rebellion; the chartering of the Bank of the United States; the Senate's approval of Jay's Treaty; the Judiciary Act.

Put these in the order they happened: the Farewell Address; the signing of Jay's Treaty in London; the publication of the XYZ dispatches; the Proclamation of Neutrality.

Put these in the order they happened: the inauguration of John Adams; Hamilton's Report on Public Credit; the House of Representatives settling a tied presidential election; the Treaty of Greenville.