A student straightens the elbow to push a heavy door open. Which muscle is the prime mover for that action?

A bright light makes a student squeeze the eyelids shut. Which muscle is the prime mover for closing the eyelids?

A student abducts the arm by raising it straight out to the side until it reaches shoulder height. Which muscle is the prime mover?

A student flexes the elbow and turns the palm upward while using a screwdriver. Which muscle is the prime mover for that combined action?

During a push-up, the upper arm is drawn across the front of the chest. Which muscle is the prime mover for that humeral adduction?

Both sides of the neck contract so a student bends the head forward to look down. Which muscle is the prime mover?

A runner drives the thigh backward at the hip while climbing a steep hill. Which muscle is the prime mover for that powerful hip extension?

A soccer player straightens the knee to kick a ball. Which muscle group is the prime mover?

During a seated calf raise with the knee bent, the ankle plantar flexes. Which muscle is the main prime mover?

The biceps brachii attaches to the scapula and to the radius, and the scapula stays steadier during elbow flexion. Which attachment is its origin?

The deltoid attaches to the clavicle and scapula at one end and to the humerus at the other. Which attachment is the origin?

The sternocleidomastoid attaches to the sternum and clavicle below and to the mastoid process above. Which attachment is the origin?

The gluteus maximus attaches to the pelvis and to the femur or iliotibial tract, while the pelvis is the more stable end. Which attachment is the origin?

The quadriceps attach proximally to the femur or ilium and distally to the tibial tuberosity through the patellar ligament. Which end is the origin?

The gastrocnemius attaches above the knee on the femur and below the ankle on the calcaneus. Which attachment is the origin?

The rectus abdominis attaches to the pubis below and to the xiphoid process and costal cartilages above. Which attachment is the origin?

The triceps brachii attaches to the scapula and humerus at one end and the olecranon of the ulna at the other. Which attachment is its insertion?

The pectoralis major anchors on the clavicle, sternum, and ribs, then pulls the upper arm. Which attachment is its insertion?

The trapezius attaches along the skull and vertebral column and also to the clavicle and scapula. When it elevates the shoulder girdle, which end is the insertion?

The sartorius attaches from the anterior superior iliac spine to the medial tibia, and the lower leg moves when the knee flexes. Which attachment is the insertion?

The hamstrings attach to the ischial tuberosity and to the tibia or fibula, pulling the lower leg during knee flexion. Which attachment is the insertion?

The soleus attaches to the tibia and fibula and to the calcaneus through the calcaneal tendon. Which attachment is its insertion?

The masseter attaches to the zygomatic arch and to the ramus of the mandible, pulling the mandible upward. Which attachment is its insertion?

When the biceps brachii contracts to flex the elbow, which muscle lengthens as the antagonist?

When the quadriceps contract to extend the knee, which muscle group lengthens as the antagonist?

When the hamstrings contract to flex the knee, which muscle group must lengthen as the antagonist?

When the deltoid abducts the arm away from the side, which muscle lengthens as the antagonist because it adducts the arm?

When the gluteus maximus extends the thigh at the hip, which course-named hip flexor lengthens as an antagonist?

When the gastrocnemius and soleus plantar flex the ankle, which muscle lengthens to allow the opposite dorsiflexion motion?

When the sternocleidomastoid flexes the neck so the chin moves toward the chest, which posterior muscle must lengthen as the antagonist?