Brown v. Board combined challenges to state laws separating public schoolchildren by race. What did the Court hold?

Louisiana required separate railway cars for Black and white passengers in Plessy v. Ferguson. What did the Court hold?

Students in Tinker wore black armbands to protest a war, and classes were not disrupted. What did the Court hold?

In Gideon, a poor Florida felony defendant was denied a lawyer because state law supplied counsel only in capital cases. What did the Court hold?

Miranda confessed during custodial police questioning without being warned of silence or counsel rights. What did the Court hold?

New York officials wrote a voluntary classroom prayer for public schools in Engel v. Vitale. What did the Court hold?

In Mapp v. Ohio, police searched a home without a valid warrant and state prosecutors used the evidence. What did the Court hold?

In Texas v. Johnson, a protester burned an American flag during a political demonstration. What did the Court hold?

In Hazelwood, a principal removed pages from a school-sponsored journalism class newspaper. What did the Court hold?

A school suspends students for quiet antiwar armbands even though hallways and classes continue normally. Which decision controls their claim?

A principal edits a school-funded newspaper produced for a journalism class to remove articles over privacy concerns. Which decision is most directly on point?

After a teacher reports smoking in a restroom, an assistant principal searches a student's purse and finds evidence of rule violations. Which decision governs?

A public school district tells teachers to lead a short voluntary prayer at the start of class. Which decision would students cite to challenge it?

A city punishes a protester for burning the protester's own American flag, with no injury or threat to others. Which decision supports the protester?

A state judge refuses to appoint a lawyer for a poor defendant charged with burglary because the crime is not capital. Which case applies?

State prosecutors offer evidence taken from a defendant's home in an unconstitutional search. Which precedent bars the evidence?

A state convicts a speaker for abstractly praising illegal action, but the speech is not likely to cause immediate lawless conduct. Which decision controls?

Brown invalidated state laws requiring separate public schools by race. Which constitutional provision did the Court rely on?

Tinker protects students wearing antiwar armbands unless the school can show disruption. Which First Amendment freedom is mainly involved?

Gideon made states provide lawyers for indigent felony defendants. Which constitutional principle best describes that holding?

Miranda warnings are required before custodial interrogation. Which right is the central constitutional protection?

Engel struck down a government-composed classroom prayer. Which clause did the holding enforce?

Mapp applied the exclusionary rule to state criminal trials. Which right was that rule used to enforce?

New Jersey v. T.L.O. rejected a full warrant rule for school searches. What standard did the Court use instead?

Schenck upheld punishment for wartime anti-draft leaflets. What First Amendment test did the opinion announce?