A driver runs a red light and injures a cyclist. The cyclist hires a lawyer and asks the court to order payment of hospital bills. What case and parties are described?

A county prosecutor charges Dana with burglary and asks for prison time if Dana is convicted. What case and parties are described?

A tenant files a complaint claiming the landlord illegally kept a security deposit and asks for $900. What case and parties are described?

A city attorney charges a teen with vandalism under a city ordinance and asks the judge to impose probation. What case and parties are described?

A restaurant files a complaint saying a supplier broke a delivery contract and asks the court for money damages. What case and parties are described?

A state charges a contractor with fraud for taking clients' money and asks for imprisonment and a fine. What case and parties are described?

A defendant is acquitted of assault, then the injured person sues over the same punch and wins damages. What best explains the opposite outcomes?

In a civil trial, jurors think the plaintiff's story is possible but not more likely true than the defendant's. Under the usual civil burden, what result follows?

A criminal jury thinks a robbery charge is probably true but still has a reasonable doubt. What verdict should the jury return?

A shopper proves in a civil negligence trial that a store more likely than not caused her injury. What remedy may the civil court order?

A defendant is convicted of vandalism, and the court orders the defendant to repay the owner for the damage. What is this part of the sentence called?

A statute makes an offense punishable by up to 18 months in prison. How is that offense categorized?

A local offense carries a maximum punishment of 30 days in jail and a small fine. How is that offense best categorized?

A parking violation carries no possible jail time and is punishable only by a fine. How is that violation best categorized?

A pedestrian sues a driver for careless driving that caused a broken arm, alleging a breach of duty and asking for payment. What branch of civil law is this?

A suspect is arrested and booked, and formal charges are ready for court. What step ordinarily comes next?

After an initial appearance in a felony case with no indictment yet, the court must test whether enough evidence supports moving forward. What comes next?

A grand jury issues an indictment, and the defendant appears for a formal reading of the charges. What must the defendant do at arraignment?

After arraignment, the defendant agrees to plead guilty if the prosecutor drops one charge and recommends leniency. What process is being used?

A jury returns a guilty verdict in a criminal trial. Before any appeal, what step normally follows in the trial court?