An illustrative report surveys 200 Grade 10 learners in one city school; 68 percent study after 9 p.m. It concludes that most Filipino teenagers study late. What is the main problem?

"In a sample of 300 shoppers in one town, 42 percent brought reusable bags, so most shoppers in the province probably do not." Which category of support is this?

"The town recorded 4,200 kilograms of plastic at its two cleanups last year." The figure reports only what was collected and weighed. Which category of support is it?

"I cut my screen time to one hour a night, and by March my grades had risen," one learner writes in a school paper. Which category of support is this?

A town engineer with twenty years of flood work says the new drainage will probably fail in a heavy storm. She offers no measurements. Which category of support is her statement?

A writer asserts that reading habits have improved across the whole school division this year. Which kind of support would that assertion actually need?

Assertion: at least one learner in the class found the new schedule hard. The support offered is one learner's written account of struggling with it. Does the support fit?

An illustrative survey of 150 teachers found that 80 percent walk to work. A blog uses the figure to claim that most people in the town walk to work. What is wrong?

In an illustrative club survey, 240 of the 400 members said they recycle at home. The report states that 60 percent of the members surveyed recycle.

In an illustrative survey, 90 of the 300 learners questioned in one school said they skip breakfast. Which statement stays inside what the figures show?

An online poll about internet speed could only be answered by people who already had internet at home. It reports that 95 percent of the town is satisfied. Whose views are missing?

A canteen counted its lunch sales for one week in December and now reports that it sells 300 meals a day all year round. What do the figures fail to cover?

Source A measured commuting time for 500 workers in the city. Source B measured it for 40 students in a nearby town. A paragraph averages the two figures into one. What is the flaw?

A leaflet reports that complaints about water quality rose by 50 percent this year. It gives no number of complaints anywhere. Which claim does that figure actually support?

A report states that a senior nurse believes canteen meals are too salty, and concludes from this that canteen meals do contain too much salt. What has gone wrong?

An illustrative study questioned 12 shoppers outside one store and concluded that shoppers across the city prefer paper bags. Which change would give the conclusion real support?

"Three of every ten learners we tested had weak eyesight, so about three in ten learners in the division likely do too." What makes this statistical inference rather than factual knowledge?

Assertion: flooding in our barangay has grown more frequent over the past ten years. Which support fits that assertion best?

A study counted library book loans, found them higher than last year, and concluded that learners now enjoy reading more. What do the loan figures actually measure?

An illustrative survey on part-time work was answered by learners who volunteered at the school fair. The report says the results speak for every learner in the school. Why is that doubtful?