At a fairground, a moving bumper car strikes a parked one. The parked car is shoved forward and the moving car is shoved backward. Which law accounts for the backward shove?

A player kicks a 0.43 kg soccer ball and it flies away quickly. The same kick on a 5 kg medicine ball moves it far less. Which law accounts for the difference?

The lift chain releases a roller coaster car at the top of a hill. The car rolls on along a level stretch of track with no engine of its own. Which law accounts for that continued motion?

A car waiting at a light is struck from behind. The seat drives the passenger's back forward, but for an instant the head stays where it was. Which law accounts for the head staying put?

An airbag inflates and brings a driver to rest over a longer time than the steering wheel alone would. The force on the driver is smaller. Which law accounts for the smaller force?

A swimmer sweeps water backward with cupped hands and travels forward down the lane. Which law accounts for her forward motion?

In a tug of war, one team pulls the rope with 600 N and the other with 450 N, and the rope and both teams accelerate toward the stronger team. Which law accounts for that acceleration?

A child riding a spinning carousel lets go of a beanbag. The beanbag does not keep circling. It moves off in a straight line. Which law accounts for the straight path?

A rider pedals a bicycle along a road. Which event on the bicycle is accounted for by Newton's third law?

A rocket lifts off and climbs. Which event during the launch is accounted for by Newton's second law?

A belted driver is in a car that hits a barrier and stops abruptly. Which event in the crash is accounted for by Newton's first law?

A hockey player shoots a puck across the rink toward the goal. Which event in the play is accounted for by Newton's second law?

A gymnast bounces on a trampoline. Which event during the bounce is accounted for by Newton's third law?

Standing riders hold the rails on a moving city bus. Which event on the bus is accounted for by Newton's first law?

A belted driver stops abruptly against a barrier and the airbag inflates. If the airbag failed to inflate, what would change for the driver?

A rocket climbs by expelling hot exhaust gases from its nozzle. If the engine could no longer push gases out the back, what would change?

A skateboarder rolls along flat pavement without pushing and gradually slows to a stop. If friction and air resistance were removed, what would change?

A go-kart carries a heavy sandbag and its engine supplies a steady driving force. If the sandbag were taken out and the driving force stayed the same, what would change?

A car is struck from behind and the seat drives the passenger's body forward against the headrest. If the headrest were taken away, what would change for the passenger's head?

A swimmer pushes backward off the solid pool wall and glides forward. If the wall were replaced by a light raft floating free in the water, what would change?