Carter signed legislation in 1977 gathering federal energy research, energy regulation and the strategic petroleum reserve under one cabinet-level body, after the shortages of the decade. What was created?

In August 1974 Ford signed a law setting up a body to watch wage and price increases across the economy and report on them, deliberately given no power to impose controls. Which body was it?

Reacting to the campaign money abuses uncovered by the Watergate investigations, Congress created an agency in October 1974 to require disclosure, enforce contribution limits and oversee public funding of presidential campaigns. Name it.

A 1979 act moved the education programs out of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare and stood them up as a cabinet department of their own, which opened its doors in 1980. Which department was this?

In March 1979 a reactor at a nuclear plant near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania suffered a partial meltdown, and the governor advised pregnant women and small children nearby to leave the area. Which event was this?

Ford asked Americans in October 1974 to save more, waste less and wear a button carrying a three-word slogan, as the centerpiece of a voluntary campaign against rising prices. What was the program called?

Carter signed a 1978 law letting airlines pick their own routes and set their own fares, and phasing out the Civil Aeronautics Board that had fixed both since the 1930s. Which law was it?

Tall ships sailed into New York Harbor on July 4, 1976 and towns across the country held parades marking the anniversary of the Declaration of Independence. What was this national observance called?

After thirteen days of talks at the presidential retreat in Maryland in September 1978, Egypt's Anwar Sadat and Israel's Menachem Begin signed a framework negotiated with Carter. What are those 1978 agreements called?

Ford joined the leaders of 34 other countries in 1975 to sign a final act accepting Europe's postwar borders and committing every signer, the Soviet Union included, to respect human rights. What was signed?

In September 1977 Carter and Omar Torrijos signed two treaties providing that a waterway between two oceans, and the zone around it, would pass to the control of Torrijos's country at the end of 1999. What were they?

Carter and Leonid Brezhnev signed an arms limitation treaty at Vienna in June 1979, but Carter asked the Senate to set it aside after Soviet forces entered Afghanistan that December, and it was never ratified. Which treaty?

On March 26, 1979 Egypt and Israel signed a peace treaty at the White House, six months after the framework agreed in Maryland. What did that treaty do?

Revolutionary students seized the American embassy in Tehran on November 4, 1979 and held 52 Americans, after which Carter froze that country's assets and broke off diplomatic relations. What is this episode called?

On September 8, 1974, one month into his presidency, Ford granted Nixon a full pardon for any federal crimes he might have committed in office. What followed?

Ford took the oath of office on August 9, 1974, leaving the vice presidency empty. Under the Twenty-Fifth Amendment he nominated a successor, whom both houses of Congress confirmed that December. Who was it?

Soviet forces entered Afghanistan in December 1979. Which of these was part of Carter's response?

In April 1980 helicopters and transport planes met at a desert staging point inside Iran to begin a rescue of the embassy hostages. What happened?

In late April 1975 North Vietnamese forces closed on Saigon while American helicopters lifted Americans and South Vietnamese out of the embassy compound. What followed?

The Americans seized at the Tehran embassy on November 4, 1979 were freed on January 20, 1981, minutes after a new president had been sworn in. How long had they been held?

Revolution in Iran cut that country's oil exports in 1979 and OPEC prices climbed steeply. What did American drivers meet at home that summer?

Taking the oath on August 9, 1974, Ford told the country: "My fellow Americans, our long national nightmare is over. Our Constitution works; our great Republic is a government of laws and not of men." What was he arguing?

Explaining the pardon on September 8, 1974, Ford said: "I do believe that the buck stops here, that I cannot rely upon public opinion polls to tell me what is right." What was he arguing?

In a televised address on July 15, 1979, Carter told the country: "It is a crisis of confidence. It is a crisis that strikes at the very heart and soul and spirit of our national will." What was he arguing?

In his January 1980 State of the Union address, the president warned that an attempt by "any outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf region" would be "repelled by any means necessary, including military force." What is this policy called?