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by BlastRoom
How the two hormone classes act on a cell, and how negative feedback holds a level steady.
#us_hs_anatomy_physiology
20 questions
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A lipid-soluble messenger made from cholesterol diffuses across the plasma membrane of a target cell. Where does it bind to begin its response?
Cortisol enters a target cell and forms a hormone-receptor complex. What does that complex directly change?
Aldosterone reaches kidney tubule cells and slowly increases sodium reabsorption. What cellular event best explains the delayed response?
A fat-soluble endocrine signal produces effects that last for hours after it reaches a cell. What is the usual reason?
A hormone travels in plasma bound to carrier proteins because it does not dissolve well in water. What feature lets it cross the target cell membrane?
A steroid signal has bound its intracellular receptor. What is the next major effect in the target cell?
A peptide hormone binds outside its target cell, and the response begins within seconds. What relays the instruction inward?
Epinephrine binds a receptor on liver cells and quickly activates glycogen breakdown. Which intracellular relay commonly amplifies this response?
Insulin cannot pass directly through the lipid bilayer. What must happen first for a muscle cell to respond?
A water-soluble hormone affects a target cell without entering the cytoplasm. What part of the cell starts the relay?
Thyroid hormone in the blood rises above its set point. What should the anterior pituitary do next in the negative feedback loop?
Cortisol remains high after a stressor has passed. How should this affect ACTH output from the anterior pituitary?
Blood osmolarity falls below normal after excess water intake. If ADH is controlled by negative feedback, what happens to ADH release?
A target gland has produced enough hormone, and that hormone feeds back to the hypothalamus. What happens to releasing-hormone output?
After a meal, blood sugar rises above normal. Which pancreatic hormone increases, and what does it cause body cells to do?
During an overnight fast, the blood sugar level drops below its set point. Which pancreatic hormone rises to act on the liver?
In type 1 diabetes, pancreatic beta cells fail to supply enough of their hormone. What consequence directly follows in many target cells after a meal?
Blood Ca²⁺ drops below normal. Which hormone rises, and what is one effect on bone?
Blood Ca²⁺ rises above the normal range. Which endocrine response helps lower it?
The parathyroid glands are accidentally removed. What regulation problem is most likely?
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Blood Components: Plasma, Cells and Platelets
30 questions
