Use the timeline. After World War I, mandates came before many states' independence. What regional feature did this sequence help shape?

The Sykes-Picot Agreement and later mandates divided Ottoman Arab lands into British and French zones. What did this division encourage?

After World War I, which international body gave Britain and France mandates over former Ottoman lands?

In the early 1920s, Britain split off the part of its Palestine mandate that lay east of the river flowing into the Dead Sea. Which modern country grew from that territory?

In 1920, France created a state called Greater Lebanon out of part of its mandate lands. Which mandate territory was Lebanon split from?

British officials combined the Ottoman provinces of Mosul, Baghdad, and Basra into a mandate. Which modern state did that help form?

Lebanon's borders placed Maronite Christians, Sunni Muslims, Shia Muslims, and Druze in one state. Disputes over sharing power among them helped cause which conflict in 1975?

Zionism argued that Jewish people should have a national homeland, especially in historic Palestine. This movement helped lead to what later event?

After the Holocaust, many countries faced the crisis of Jewish survivors and refugees. What did this increase support for in Palestine?

The 1917 Balfour Declaration said Britain supported a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine. What did it also say must not be harmed?

Under British rule, Jewish and Arab communities in Palestine had competing national claims. What issue did this conflict center on before 1948?

Use the timeline. The Balfour Declaration and UN partition plan led toward what 1948 event?

When Britain ended its mandate in Palestine in May 1948, Jewish leaders announced a new state. What was that state called?

Jewish immigration to Palestine increased during the mandate years, partly because of persecution in Europe. What tension did this intensify?

Jerusalem contains sites sacred to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam and is claimed by Israelis and Palestinians. What issue is central there?

Israeli settlements were built in the West Bank after Israel took control of it in 1967. Which country had ruled the West Bank from 1948 until then?

Many Palestinians were displaced in the 1948 war, and their descendants still claim a right to return. What Arabic name, meaning "catastrophe," do Palestinians give to that displacement?

The Temple Mount, also called Haram al-Sharif, is a holy site for Jews and Muslims. What is the famous Muslim shrine with a golden dome that stands there?

In the 1993 Oslo Accords, Israel and the PLO agreed to set up a Palestinian body to govern parts of Gaza and the West Bank. What is that body called?

In Iraq and Syria, Sunni-Shia divisions have often shaped alliances and violence. What kind of conflict source is this?

The United States protects Persian Gulf shipping routes and worries about oil supplies from Southwest Asia. What interest does this show?

In 1978, U.S. President Jimmy Carter hosted talks that led Egypt to make peace with Israel. What were these agreements called?

Use the timeline. After Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990, what did the U.S.-led coalition do in 1991?

After the September 11, 2001 attacks, the United States invaded Afghanistan. Which group was ruling Afghanistan and sheltering al-Qaeda?

In 2003, the United States led an invasion of Iraq. What main reason did U.S. leaders give for it?

When outside powers drew borders before local independence, some groups found themselves split or ruled by rivals. What long-term effect followed?

Use the timeline. What long-term issue followed from displacement during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War?

Oil discoveries in the Persian Gulf made the region important to industrial economies. What long-term effect did this have?

Repeated Arab-Israeli wars left disputed borders and security fears. What long-term regional effect did this produce?

Kurds were divided among Turkey, Iraq, Syria, and Iran after new borders formed. After the 1991 Gulf War, Kurds in which country set up their own self-governing region?