Officers want to search a suspect's apartment for stolen laptops. Which amendment requires the search to be reasonable and warrants to rest on probable cause?

A suspect refuses to answer questions because the answers could help prove his own crime. Which amendment protects that choice?

After an acquittal, prosecutors try to bring the same defendant to trial again for the same offense. Which amendment supplies the double jeopardy protection?

A criminal defendant has waited years for trial and asks for the constitutional guarantee of a speedy public trial. Which amendment supplies it?

A defendant wants the court to require a helpful witness to appear and testify for the defense. Which amendment gives the accused compulsory process?

A judge sets bail far beyond what is needed to assure a defendant's appearance in court. Which amendment is the defendant most likely to invoke?

After conviction, a defendant challenges a sentence as a cruel and unusual punishment. Which amendment supplies that protection?

Before searching a home, police present facts to a magistrate showing contraband is probably inside. What protection is being used at the search stage?

During an on-the-street encounter, an officer has specific reasons to think a person is armed. What limited action can Terry allow?

A handcuffed suspect is in custody, and officers begin questioning him about the robbery. What must come before custodial interrogation?

An indigent defendant faces a felony charge in state court and cannot hire a lawyer. What trial protection must the court provide?

At trial, the prosecution wants a witness's statement used without letting the accused question that witness in court. What protection is at issue?

A defendant has been convicted, and the judge is deciding punishment. Which protection belongs to the sentencing stage?

Mapp v. Ohio involved evidence taken in an unconstitutional search and then used in state court. What rule did the Court apply to the states?

Miranda v. Arizona concerned statements made during custodial police questioning. Which constitutional protection were the Court's required warnings meant to safeguard?

Gideon v. Wainwright arose after a Florida felony defendant was denied a lawyer because he was poor. Which amendment's guarantee did the Court apply to the states?

Terry v. Ohio distinguished a full arrest from a brief street stop. What level of justification can support that limited stop and weapons frisk?

Katz v. United States involved government recording of calls from a public phone booth. What Fourth Amendment principle did the case emphasize?

Benton v. Maryland dealt with a state prosecution after an earlier acquittal on the same charge. What protection did the Court apply to the states?

Robinson v. California struck down a law punishing a person's status of narcotics addiction. Which constitutional limit did the Court use?

In Griswold v. Connecticut, the Court struck down a ban on contraceptive use by married couples. Where did the majority locate marital privacy?

A state law is challenged for invading a fundamental personal liberty not listed in the Bill of Rights. Which doctrine best describes that argument?

A state agency fires a public employee without giving notice or any chance to respond to the charges. What kind of due process claim fits best?

In privacy reasoning, why does the Ninth Amendment matter even though it lists no specific privacy rule?

If a claimed privacy liberty is asserted against the federal government rather than a state, which due process clause is the direct textual source?