Many schools argue about phone rules. Phones should stay in lockers during class hours. Last term, 41 of 150 students were caught texting in lessons. Which sentence states the thesis?

Barangay noise rules come up every summer. The barangay should set a 10 p.m. limit on videoke. Complaints rose from 12 to 47 last year. Which sentence only introduces the issue?

The covered court should open at 5 a.m. Early hours let players train before the heat. Last April, three players fainted during a 10 a.m. practice. Which sentence supplies the evidence?

The school should add a bin near Gate 2. Litter builds up where bins stand far apart. Cleaners hauled 14 sacks from that corner last month. Which sentence gives the reason?

Families burn trash each weekend. The barangay should collect trash twice a week. Weekly pickup leaves waste sitting for days. Health workers logged 18 cough cases nearby. Which sentence states the position?

Riders wait long at Gate 3. The route should add a stop at the health center. A closer stop would cut walking time. On Monday, 27 riders walked past the clinic to reach Gate 3. Which sentence is the evidence?

A student writes only this: "Route 4 jeepneys should stop at the barangay health center." Which part of an argument is this sentence?

A student writes: "Three of the five stores near the school reported cracked sidewalks last month." Which part of an argument is this sentence?

A student writes: "Cracked sidewalks matter because walkers step onto the road to get around them." Which part of an argument is this sentence?

A student writes: "Some parents say a 10 p.m. limit would hurt families who rent out sound systems." Which part of an argument is this sentence?

A letter ends: "Sign the request at the barangay hall before Friday so the council can read it next week." Which part of an argument is this sentence?

"The canteen should open a second serving line. Long queues eat into the short lunch break." The writer stops there. What must be added so the reason is backed up?

"Clubs should start at 3 p.m. Last year, 96 of 200 members arrived after 4 p.m." Which part is missing from this argument?

"The footbridge should be repaired. Broken planks make crossing unsafe. In May, two planks gave way under walkers." Which part has the writer left out?

Claim: the canteen should open a second line. Evidence: on Monday the queue took 22 minutes at noon. Which reason best links this evidence to the claim?

Claim: the covered court needs new lights. Evidence: last month two games stopped at 6 p.m. for darkness. Which reason links the evidence to the claim?

Claim: the drain at Gate 2 must be cleared. Evidence: after the June rain, water stood ankle-deep for two days. Which reason links the evidence to the claim?

Claim: the library should stay open until 6 p.m. Evidence: 34 students were turned away at 4 p.m. last week. Which reason fails to connect the evidence to the claim?

Claim: the barangay should repair the footbridge. Evidence: two planks broke under walkers in May. Which reason links the evidence to the claim?

A writer supports a 10 p.m. limit on videoke. Which sentence states the opposing view fairly?

A writer supports keeping phones in lockers during class. Which sentence states the opposing view fairly?

A writer supports a school ban on single-use plastic bottles. Which sentence states the opposing view unfairly?

A writer supports a 5 a.m. opening for the covered court. Which sentence states the opposing view unfairly?

Counterclaim: a 10 p.m. videoke limit would cut earnings for sound-system renters. Which response answers this counterclaim?

Counterclaim: students need phones in class to look up terms quickly. Which response answers this counterclaim?

Counterclaim: repairing the footbridge would delay the drainage project. Which response merely repeats the original claim?

A writer plans an argument about canteen queues. Which order lets the argument follow?

Sentences: (1) 47 riders waited over 20 minutes. (2) Route 4 should add a morning trip. (3) Long waits make riders late for work. Which order builds the argument?

Sentences: (1) Trash should be collected twice a week. (2) Waste sat in the alley for six days in May. (3) One pickup a week leaves waste to rot. Which order builds the argument?

An argument about lunch queues ends: "Therefore the canteen should open a second line at noon." What does this last sentence do?

A group writes about the canteen queue. Which sentence is an assertion rather than evidence?

A group writes about the footbridge. Which sentence is evidence rather than an assertion?

A writer must choose a thesis for an argument about school clubs. Which sentence can serve as a thesis?

A writer must choose a thesis for an argument about the river clean-up. Which sentence can serve as a thesis?

Claim: the school clinic should have two beds. Which sentence works as evidence for this claim?

Claim: the stairway needs a handrail. Which sentence does NOT work as evidence for this claim?

A writer argues for a curfew on night deliveries. Which sentence is a reason rather than evidence?

In an argumentative text, the thesis states the position that the whole text defends.

A call to action tells readers what step to take about the issue.

The sentence that introduces the issue is always the same sentence that states the thesis.