A president serves as head of state, a prime minister chosen from the lower house leads the government, and power is shared with states. What system describes India?

A republic has one central national government, a ceremonial president, and a prime minister responsible to parliament. What system best describes Bangladesh?

A unitary state has an elected president with major executive powers and a prime minister working with parliament. What system best describes Sri Lanka?

A hereditary king is head of state, but a constitution limits royal power and an elected parliament supports a prime minister. What system describes Bhutan?

An elected president is both head of state and head of government, and the small island country has no federal states. What system describes the Maldives?

A constitution divides power among national and provincial governments, while a prime minister chosen through parliament leads the executive. What system describes Nepal?

A country has provinces with constitutionally protected powers, a prime minister leading the cabinet, and a president as head of state. What system describes Pakistan?

Present-day Afghanistan is ruled by unelected Taliban religious leaders under a supreme leader, with no multiparty parliament or elected president. What system is this?

Tea leaves are picked on plantations in Sri Lanka before they are processed in factories. Which economic sector is the picking activity?

In Dhaka, factory workers cut and sew cloth into shirts for export. Which economic sector is this activity?

In Bengaluru, engineers write software and analyze data for global clients. Which economic sector is this activity?

In the Maldives, resort employees guide visitors, clean rooms, and sell boat trips. Which economic sector is this activity?

A Karachi plant refines crude oil into fuels and plastics. Which economic sector is this activity?

Fishers in Sri Lanka catch tuna from the ocean before any processing occurs. Which economic sector is this activity?

A bank in Kathmandu lends money to shops and collects deposits from customers. Which economic sector is this activity?

Two South Asian countries report these indicators: X has GDP per capita $6,000 and HDI 0.74; Y has $1,200 and HDI 0.52. What do the measures show?

Country A has 90% adult literacy and life expectancy of 75 years; Country B has 60% literacy and life expectancy of 62 years. Which comparison follows?

Country A has 60% of workers in agriculture and low urbanization; Country B has 15% in agriculture and high urbanization. What does this indicate about B?

Country M and Country N have similar GDP per capita, but M has more years of schooling and longer life expectancy. Which development measure would favor M?

Country R receives remittances equal to a large share of national income; Country S receives little. What does this comparison show?

Country C has high infant mortality and low access to electricity; Country D has low infant mortality and nearly universal electricity. What do the indicators suggest?

Country P exports mostly raw crops; Country Q exports medicines, software, and finished textiles. What does this indicate about Q?

Country U has higher GDP per capita than Country V, but V has longer schooling and life expectancy. What is the best conclusion?

Nepal sends many exports to seaports through neighboring countries, adding time and transport costs. Which geographic factor explains this condition?

Bhutan has little flat farmland, but steep Himalayan rivers support major electricity exports to India. Which geographic factor explains this pattern?

Bangladesh sits where the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers meet the Bay of Bengal. Fertile silt supports dense farming, but floods disrupt lives. Which position explains this?

Sri Lanka's port of Colombo handles cargo moving between ships in the Indian Ocean. Which geographic factor helps explain this role?

The Maldives imports much of its food and relies heavily on beach tourism. Which physical factor helps explain this economy?

Much of Pakistan has a dry climate, yet its farmland is concentrated in Punjab and Sindh provinces. Which geographic factor explains this pattern?

Mumbai and cities in Gujarat link India's factories and markets to trade with the Persian Gulf, Africa, and Europe. Which geographic factor supports this economic pattern?