A 1906 law gave the Interstate Commerce Commission power to set maximum railroad rates, and that same year the president signed the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act. Which president?

This president signed the Newlands Reclamation Act of 1902 to fund western irrigation and the Antiquities Act of 1906, and worked with Gifford Pinchot to enlarge the national forests. Which president?

In 1903 this administration won passage of the Elkins Act against railroad rebates and created the Department of Commerce and Labor, whose Bureau of Corporations investigated big business. Which president?

In 1902 the Justice Department sued under the Sherman Act to break up a holding company that combined the Great Northern and Northern Pacific railroads, and the Supreme Court ordered it dissolved in 1904. Which president ordered that suit?

The Mann-Elkins Act of 1910 let the Interstate Commerce Commission suspend railroad rate increases and reach telephone and telegraph lines, and this president also proclaimed New Mexico and Arizona states in 1912. Which president?

This administration filed more antitrust suits in four years than its predecessor had in seven, and in 1910 the president dismissed Gifford Pinchot as chief forester after Pinchot attacked the interior secretary. Which president?

Under this president Congress sent the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Amendments to the states, and on his last day in office in March 1913 he signed the act creating a separate Department of Labor. Which president?

In 1913 this president went before Congress in person to press for lower tariffs, signed the Underwood Tariff with its federal income tax, and in December signed the Federal Reserve Act. Which president?

In 1914 this president signed a law creating a five-member commission to investigate and halt unfair methods of competition, and a second law aimed at price discrimination and interlocking directorates. Which president?

In 1916 this president signed the Adamson Act, giving interstate railroad workers an eight-hour day, and named Louis Brandeis to the Supreme Court. Which president?

A candidate in 1912 campaigned against the tariff, the banks and the trusts as three linked barriers to competition, and in office produced a tariff cut, a new central banking system and a stronger antitrust law. What was that program called?

Roosevelt promised in his 1904 campaign that ordinary Americans would get a "Square Deal." Which package of measures did that program actually cover?

At Osawatomie, Kansas in 1910 a former president called for far stronger federal supervision of corporations, said the courts must care more about human welfare than property, and demanded equality of opportunity. What did he name this program?

Taft said his foreign policy substituted "dollars for bullets." What did dollar diplomacy actually do?

After the 1912 Republican convention renominated Taft, Roosevelt's delegates walked out and founded a new party that August, nominating him on a platform of woman suffrage and social insurance. Name that party.

In 1916 Wilson signed the Federal Farm Loan Act, a child labor law and a compensation act for injured federal workers. How did these laws compare with the New Freedom he ran on in 1912?

The 1909 tariff act the president signed lowered rates only slightly, and progressives in his own party treated it as a betrayal of the platform. Who signed it, and what did the rupture lead to in 1912?

In October 1911 the Justice Department sued to break up United States Steel, and its complaint attacked the 1907 purchase of Tennessee Coal and Iron that the previous president had personally approved. What did the suit produce?

Taft's interior secretary reopened Alaskan coal lands to private claims, and the chief forester publicly accused him of betraying conservation. What did that quarrel produce?

The Underwood Tariff of 1913 cut average rates for the first time in decades, reversing a long Republican policy of protection. How did Congress replace the customs revenue it gave up?

Wilson had called a federal child labor law unconstitutional, then in 1916 backed Keating-Owen, which barred goods made by child labor from interstate commerce. What became of that law?

Wilson's party split over banking in 1913: eastern bankers wanted a privately run central bank, while Bryan's wing demanded government control of currency. What did the Federal Reserve Act produce?

In 1912 the Republican vote divided between the sitting president and a former president running on a new third-party ticket, while the Democrats and the Socialists each ran a candidate. What was the result?

Put these three in the order they happened: the Federal Reserve Act, the Northern Securities antitrust suit, and the Payne-Aldrich Tariff.

Roosevelt's Justice Department filed dozens of antitrust suits and Taft's filed still more in half the time, yet new combinations kept forming. What did the antitrust laws of 1914 add that lawsuits alone had not?

Federal railroad regulation moved from the Elkins Act against rebates in 1903, to the Hepburn Act in 1906, to the Mann-Elkins Act in 1910. What changed across those laws?

Taken together, what do the Hepburn Act of 1906, the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 and the Federal Trade Commission Act of 1914 show about federal authority over the economy?

Section 6 of a 1914 antitrust law declares that "the labor of a human being is not a commodity or article of commerce." Samuel Gompers called that clause labor's charter of freedom. What did it do?

A law signed in December 1913 begins: "An Act To provide for the establishment of Federal reserve banks, to furnish an elastic currency, to afford means of rediscounting commercial paper..." What problem was an "elastic currency" meant to fix?

A 1906 law dealt with "historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, and other objects of historic or scientific interest" on land owned or controlled by the federal government. What did it allow?