Temperature, Heat and Internal Energy

Question 1

A teacher says, “This quantity tells how hot a sample is by relating to the average random kinetic energy of its particles.” Which quantity is described?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Heat

Answer

Internal energy

Question 2

A lab note says, “This quantity is energy crossing from a hotter object to a cooler object because their readings are different.” Which quantity is described?

Accepted Answer

Heat

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Internal energy

Question 3

Which quantity names the sum of the random kinetic and potential energies of all the particles in a sample?

Accepted Answer

Internal energy

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Heat

Question 4

Ice at 0 °C absorbs energy and melts into water that is still at 0 °C. Which quantity of the sample increases?

Accepted Answer

Internal energy

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Heat

Question 5

When the average speed of molecules in a gas increases, which quantity rises most directly?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Heat

Answer

Internal energy

Question 6

At the same 25 °C, a full bathtub of water has much more of which quantity than a cup of water?

Accepted Answer

Internal energy

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Heat

Question 7

A thermometer left in a beaker settles at 45 °C. Which quantity does the reading report?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Internal energy

Answer

Heat

Question 8

Which quantity is not something an object stores, but a name for energy moving during a transfer?

Accepted Answer

Heat

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Internal energy

Question 9

Which quantity depends on how much substance is present as well as on the particles' motion and spacing?

Accepted Answer

Internal energy

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Heat

Question 10

A reading of 293 K is a value for which quantity?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Heat

Answer

Internal energy

Question 11

The figure shows two sealed containers of the same liquid. They have not touched. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

Sample A has greater internal energy because its much larger mass more than makes up for its lower temperature.

Answer

Sample B has greater internal energy because it has the higher temperature.

Answer

The samples have equal internal energy because they are the same liquid.

Answer

Sample B contains more heat because hotter objects always store heat.

Question 12

The figure shows two equal-mass blocks of the same metal. Which block has the greater internal energy?

Accepted Answer

Block B, because the equal-mass sample at 65 °C has particles with greater average kinetic energy.

Answer

Block A, because cooler metal stores more cold energy.

Answer

They are equal because equal masses of the same metal always have equal internal energy.

Answer

Block A, because lower temperature means less energy is moving out.

Question 13

The two water samples in the figure are put in thermal contact. What is the initial direction of energy transfer by heat?

Accepted Answer

From Sample A to Sample B, because Sample A is at the higher temperature.

Answer

From Sample B to Sample A, because Sample B has more mass.

Answer

From Sample B to Sample A, because larger samples contain more cold.

Answer

No net transfer, because both samples are water.

Question 14

The two aluminum blocks in the figure are placed in contact. What happens initially?

Accepted Answer

There is no net heat transfer because the blocks have the same temperature.

Answer

Energy flows from Block A to Block B because Block A is on the left.

Answer

Energy flows from Block B to Block A because Block B has more stored heat.

Answer

Cold flows both ways equally because the blocks are identical.

Question 15

The figure shows two samples of the same oil before contact. Which statement about internal energy is best supported?

Accepted Answer

Sample A has greater internal energy because its mass is ten times as large.

Answer

Sample B has greater internal energy because any hotter sample has more internal energy.

Answer

Sample B has greater internal energy because it contains more heat.

Answer

The samples have equal internal energy because both are oil.

Question 16

The two water samples in the figure are touched together. Which statement is correct at the start?

Accepted Answer

Energy transfers by heat from Sample A to Sample B.

Answer

Energy transfers by heat from Sample B to Sample A.

Answer

No energy transfers because the masses are equal.

Answer

Temperature transfers from Sample A to Sample B.

Question 17

The figure shows two copper samples. Which statement is correct if they are placed in contact?

Accepted Answer

Sample B has greater internal energy, but there is no net heat transfer because the temperatures are equal.

Answer

Sample B transfers heat to Sample A because it has more internal energy.

Answer

Sample A transfers cold to Sample B because it has less mass.

Answer

The samples have equal internal energy because their temperatures are equal.

Question 18

The iron samples in the figure are placed in contact. Which statement is correct at first?

Accepted Answer

Heat flows from Sample A to Sample B even if Sample B has more internal energy overall.

Answer

Heat flows from Sample B to Sample A because Sample B has more mass.

Answer

No heat flows because internal energy is greater in one sample.

Answer

Cold flows from Sample B to Sample A because Sample B is cooler.

Question 19

A 20 °C metal spoon sits in 70 °C soup inside an insulated cup until both read 64 °C. What is true then?

Accepted Answer

Energy is exchanged both ways at equal rates, so there is no net temperature change.

Answer

The spoon and soup must contain equal internal energy.

Answer

All energy transfer has stopped because the spoon is full of heat.

Answer

Coldness has finished moving from the spoon into the soup.

Question 20

Two blocks in contact inside an insulated box both eventually read 60 °C. What must be equal at that time?

Accepted Answer

Their temperatures

Answer

Their internal energies

Answer

Their masses

Answer

The heat each one contains

Question 21

A 90 °C brick touches a 10 °C brick. During the first moments, which description is correct?

Accepted Answer

Net energy transfer is from the 90 °C brick to the 10 °C brick.

Answer

Net energy transfer is from the 10 °C brick to the 90 °C brick.

Answer

The 10 °C brick sends cold into the 90 °C brick.

Answer

No transfer occurs until both bricks have equal internal energy.

Question 22

A thermometer and a water sample both stay at 37 °C after being in contact. Which statement best describes them?

Accepted Answer

They are in thermal equilibrium with no net heat transfer.

Answer

They contain equal internal energy.

Answer

They contain equal amounts of heat.

Answer

The thermometer has absorbed all the water's temperature.

Question 23

At thermal equilibrium between two objects, what has stopped?

Accepted Answer

Net energy transfer that would change their temperatures

Answer

All molecular motion inside both objects

Answer

All microscopic energy exchange between particles

Answer

The internal energy of each object becoming nonzero

Question 24

A 90 °C copper piece is dropped into 20 °C water in an insulated cup. The masses are not given. What can the final shared temperature be?

Accepted Answer

Some temperature between 20 °C and 90 °C

Answer

Exactly 55 °C, the average of the two starting temperatures

Answer

A temperature above 90 °C

Answer

A temperature below 20 °C

Question 25

An aluminum pan at 40 °C sits in oven air at 40 °C. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

There is no net heat transfer between the pan and the air.

Answer

Heat flows from the air to the pan because air surrounds it.

Answer

Heat flows from the pan to the air because metal conducts well.

Answer

Cold flows from the air into the pan because air has less mass.

Question 26

Two stones of different masses touch for a long time and both read 35 °C. Which statement can be true?

Accepted Answer

The larger stone can have more internal energy even though both have the same temperature.

Answer

The stones must have equal internal energy because their temperatures match.

Answer

The smaller stone must contain more heat because it warmed faster.

Answer

Energy must keep flowing one way because their masses differ.

Question 27

A 100 °C metal cube and a 25 °C metal cube touch in an insulated box. What happens as they approach equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

The hot cube loses internal energy while the cool cube gains internal energy.

Answer

The cool cube loses coldness while the hot cube gains coldness.

Answer

Both cubes gain heat until they contain the same energy.

Answer

Only temperature moves from the hot cube to the cool cube.

Question 28

Two water samples in contact reach the same final temperature. Which statement is false?

Accepted Answer

The samples must contain equal amounts of internal energy.

Answer

There is no net heat transfer at the final temperature.

Answer

Their temperatures are equal at thermal equilibrium.

Answer

Before equilibrium, net heat transfer was from hotter to cooler water.

Question 29

A student writes, “The coffee has a lot of heat in it, and the heat leaks into the room.” Which revision is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

The coffee has a lot of internal energy, and energy transfers from the coffee to the cooler room.

Answer

The coffee stores heat, and that stored heat becomes room temperature.

Answer

The coffee contains temperature, and temperature flows into the room.

Answer

Coldness from the room flows into the coffee until the coffee cools.

Question 30

A report says, “Cold moved from the 5 °C spoon into the 30 °C hand.” Which wording fixes the physics?

Accepted Answer

Energy transferred from the warmer hand to the cooler spoon.

Answer

Temperature transferred from the spoon to the hand.

Answer

Internal energy flowed from the spoon as coldness.

Answer

Heat was stored in the spoon before moving to the hand.

Question 31

A student says, “The large tank and small cup are both 22 °C, so they have the same energy in their particles.” What is the best correction?

Accepted Answer

They have the same temperature, but the tank can have much more internal energy.

Answer

They have the same heat because both are 22 °C.

Answer

The cup has more internal energy because smaller samples warm faster.

Answer

Temperature is the total energy of every particle in a sample.

Question 32

After an electric heater transfers 2 000 J to water, a student writes, “The heat is now stored in the water.” Which wording is better?

Accepted Answer

The transfer increased the water's internal energy by 2 000 J if no energy left the water.

Answer

The water now contains 2 000 J of heat as a substance.

Answer

The water's temperature is exactly 2 000 J higher.

Answer

The heater transferred cold out of the water by 2 000 J.

Question 33

A student says, “A hot end of a metal rod sends temperature along the rod.” Which statement is more accurate?

Accepted Answer

Energy is transferred by heat from the hotter end toward the cooler end.

Answer

Temperature is a fluid that travels from particle to particle.

Answer

Coldness moves from the cooler end toward the hotter end.

Answer

Internal energy exists only while it crosses the rod.

Question 34

A classmate writes, “At equilibrium, all the heat is used up.” Which replacement is correct?

Accepted Answer

At equilibrium, the objects have the same temperature and no net heat transfer.

Answer

At equilibrium, both objects contain the same heat.

Answer

At equilibrium, cold has canceled the hot object's heat.

Answer

At equilibrium, internal energy disappears from both objects.

Question 35

Two heaters each transfer 5 000 J to water starting at 20 °C: Cup X has 0.20 kg and Cup Y has 1.0 kg. X warms more. What does this show?

Accepted Answer

The same energy transfer produces a smaller temperature rise in the larger mass.

Answer

Cup Y received less heat because its temperature rose less.

Answer

Cup X must end with more internal energy than Cup Y.

Answer

The larger mass turns some heat into coldness.

Question 36

A mug holds 0.25 kg of water and a pot holds 2.5 kg of water. Both samples cool from 60 °C to 50 °C. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

The water in the pot transfers about 10 times as much energy to its surroundings.

Answer

Both samples transfer the same energy because both cool by 10 °C.

Answer

The water in the mug transfers more energy because small samples cool more easily.

Answer

The water in the pot transfers less energy because it holds its temperature better.

Question 37

An iron nail and an iron block start at 20 °C. Each receives 800 J, and no energy leaves either one. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

Both gain 800 J of internal energy, but the nail's temperature rises more.

Answer

The nail gains more internal energy because its temperature rises more.

Answer

The block gains more internal energy because it has more mass.

Answer

Both rise by the same temperature because both received 800 J.

Question 38

Two equal-mass water samples are at 80 °C and 30 °C. What is true before they touch?

Accepted Answer

The 80 °C sample has the greater average particle kinetic energy.

Answer

The 80 °C sample contains more heat as a stored material.

Answer

The 30 °C sample has no internal energy.

Answer

Both samples have equal temperature because they are water.

Question 39

A 5.0 kg water container at 25 °C and a 0.10 kg water cup at 90 °C are compared. Which statement can be correct?

Accepted Answer

The cooler container can have greater internal energy, while heat would flow from the hotter cup if they touched.

Answer

The hotter cup must have greater internal energy because temperature alone decides it.

Answer

Heat would flow from the container to the cup because the container has more mass.

Answer

The cooler container contains cold, so it cannot have much internal energy.

Question 40

Equal 1 000 J transfers into equal masses of water and cooking oil starting at 20 °C, and oil warms more. What explains this?

Accepted Answer

Different substances can have different specific heat capacities.

Answer

The oil received more heat because its temperature rose more.

Answer

Water stores cold, so its temperature cannot rise.

Answer

Temperature transferred into the oil faster than into the water.

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Temperature, Heat and Internal Energy

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Temperature, Heat and Internal Energy

Ways to Play

Device Games: Students play on their phones

Blast Go

Zombie Escape

Avalanche

Maze Blast

Cave Climb

Blast Out

Mystery Auction

Tour Guide

Food Truck Rush

Tug of War

Alien Blast

Glacier Rush

Board Games: Teacher-led, projected to the class

Like what you see?

More like this

Bug Blast

BlastRace

BlastQuiz

BlastBoard

Seek & Destroy

Mystery Blast

Checkers

Texas Hold 'Em

Da Bomb

Castle Siege

Hot Potato

Market Mayhem

King of the Hill

Bank Heist

Top Corner