A retired midwife with 25 years of clinic practice writes a newborn-care guide. She gives no figures, wrote the guide in 2009, and covers feeding only. Which criterion does the guide still meet?

A town tourism officer posts a bulletin on river water safety. He has no training in water testing, but the bulletin quotes this week's provincial laboratory results and covers every river in town. Which criterion does it fail?

A fish-cage owner writes that lake fish farming causes no algae growth. She reports oxygen readings she took herself this month across all three lake zones. Which criterion is weakest here?

A civil engineer who inspected the bridge himself reports on its cracks. He states he has no stake in the repair contract and covers every span, using measurements he took in 2011. Which criterion does the report fail?

A veterinarian reports on a rabies outbreak using this year's clinic records and takes no funding from any brand. She writes only about dogs, though the outbreak also involves cats. Which criterion does she fail?

A student researching landslide risk in her own town finds a 2026 article by a geologist who has no stake in local projects. It describes landslides in another country. Which criterion does it fail for her?

A science teacher posts a summary of last month's typhoon study. He gains nothing from it and summarizes the whole study, but he states a rainfall total the study never reported. Which criterion does he fail?

An office head who has never tested water writes an article about water safety in his town. What does his job title show about his claims?

A memo on classroom ventilation carries a division office's name. The clerk who wrote it quotes no airflow measurements. What should a careful reader conclude?

A nutritionist writes that a milk brand helps growth, and she states in the article that the brand paid her fee. What does this disclosure let a reader do?

A heart doctor writes about earthquake safety in school buildings. His article is dated this year, covers every building type, and repeats figures from a published engineering survey. Which criterion does he fail?

A clearly written page on dengue names no author and no sources. Its case numbers match this month's health bulletin and cover the whole city. Which criterion cannot be checked at all?

You want to judge how far to trust the author of an online health article. Which question tests that best?

Four people describe yesterday's school assembly. Who is best placed to report what happened there?

A blogger reports a new bridge toll and names the office and the document number of the order he read. Which criterion can a reader now check for himself?

A city engineering office releases traffic counts its own staff collected last week on all main roads. The same office planned the road project those counts are used to defend. Which criterion is weakest?

A farmer posts rainfall readings he took himself on an uncalibrated gauge for two years ending in 2019, all from his single farm. Which criterion is his strongest?

A writer posts about typhoon damage in her town. Which detail most strengthens her credibility as an author?

A researcher paid by a bottled-water company reports that the town's tap water is unsafe. She names her laboratory methods, tested every barangay, and published the results this month. Which criterion is weakest?

A barangay captain and a hydrologist each explain what caused the flood. Which reason best justifies trusting the hydrologist's explanation more?