A: In Seville, a white-coated bus station reported lower indoor temperatures. B: Cool roofs reflect sunlight on summer afternoons. C: The coating can peel if it is poorly applied. Which paragraph gives an example of cool roofs in use?

A: Permeable paving lets rain pass through gaps into the soil below. B: Councils choose it because older drains cannot absorb sudden storms. C: Its surface often looks similar to ordinary paving. Which paragraph states a reason for using it?

A: Lithium batteries store energy for buses. B: Battery factories test cells before sale. C: Sodium batteries use cheaper materials than lithium batteries, but hold less energy. Which paragraph compares two battery types?

A: Greywater recycling means treating water from showers and sinks so it can be reused in toilets or gardens. B: Some hotels install greywater systems. C: Filters need regular checks. Which paragraph defines the technique?

A: One Milan apartment block uses planted balconies to shade flats. B: Green walls add plants to building surfaces. C: Maintenance crews must replace dead plants. Which paragraph gives an illustration of green walls?

A: Repeated handling can damage fragile paper, so museums digitise their letters to prevent this. B: Museums hold large collections of old letters. C: Online copies may attract new readers. Which paragraph explains why the letters are digitised?

A: Onshore wind turbines stand on land. B: Turbine blades are made in sections. C: Offshore turbines cost more to install than onshore ones but usually meet stronger winds. Which paragraph compares wind farm locations?

A: Some learners ignore spaced-repetition reminders. B: Language apps use reminders. C: In education, spaced repetition means reviewing material after increasing intervals rather than all at once. Which paragraph defines a study technique?

A: Urban sensors can track air quality street by street. B: Sensors require stable power. C: Barcelona placed sensors near schools to warn pupils about pollution peaks. Which paragraph provides an example of sensor use?

A: Farmers plant hedgerows beside fields. B: They do so because hedgerows slow wind and reduce soil loss. C: Some hedgerows contain native shrubs. Which paragraph gives a reason for planting hedgerows?

A: Hydrogen ferries can travel farther than battery ferries but need new fuel storage. B: Electric ferries run quietly on short routes. C: Ports schedule ferry arrivals. Which paragraph compares ferry technologies?

A: Adaptive reuse means converting an old building for a new purpose while keeping much of its structure. B: Warehouses may become flats. C: Costs vary by site. Which paragraph defines a planning technique?

A: Citizen science invites public volunteers into research. B: A coastal survey asked residents to photograph plastic waste after storms. C: Volunteer data need careful checking. Which paragraph gives an example of citizen science?

A: Libraries lend equipment as well as books. B: Borrowed tools are labelled and checked. C: Tool libraries exist because many residents need drills briefly, not permanently. Which paragraph states a reason for lending tools?

A: Solar glass produces electricity while serving as a window. B: Installers test the wiring. C: Roof panels are usually cheaper than solar glass, but glass suits towers with little roof space. Which paragraph compares solar products?

A: Frogs were moved last spring. B: In conservation, translocation means moving a species to another suitable habitat to protect its population. C: New sites must be monitored. Which paragraph defines a conservation technique?

A: Microgrids can operate apart from the main grid. B: One island hospital kept lights on during a storm using a solar microgrid. C: Microgrids need control software. Which paragraph gives an instance of a microgrid working?

A: Some cafés charge extra for disposable cups. B: The charge exists because small fees can discourage single-use packaging. C: Customers may bring reusable cups. Which paragraph explains the reason for the charge?

A: Vertical farming grows crops in stacked indoor layers. B: Hydroponic farms use less soil than rooftop farms, but need more technical control. C: Lighting affects growth. Which paragraph compares farming methods?

A: Peer review means experts in the same field examine a study before publication. B: Reviewers may request clearer methods. C: Journals set deadlines for replies. Which paragraph defines an academic technique?