A crate slides across a rough level floor with 480 J of kinetic energy and comes to rest without hitting anything. What happened to that 480 J of mechanical energy?

A skateboarder coasts on rough level pavement, and air resistance is not negligible. She slows until she stops. Which observation is evidence that her kinetic energy became internal energy?

A puck slides on a rough level lab table and slows from 12 J of kinetic energy to 0 J. What happens to the total energy of the puck, table, and nearby air together?

A block launched by a compressed spring moves across a rough track and stops before reaching the mark it would reach on a frictionless track. Where did the missing mechanical energy go?

A ball thrown upward with air resistance not negligible rises lower than it would in a vacuum. What accounts for the mechanical energy that did not remain as kinetic or gravitational potential energy?

A 5.0 kg block starts from rest and slides down a rough ramp, dropping 3.0 m vertically. At the bottom its kinetic energy is 110 J. Take g = 9.8 m/s². How much energy became internal energy?

Starting from rest at the lower level, a student does 240 J of work pushing a 3.0 kg cart up a rough ramp. The cart ends 5.0 m higher with 40 J of kinetic energy. Take g = 9.8 m/s². How much became internal energy?

A 2.0 kg sled with 180 J of kinetic energy climbs a rough hill and reaches a point 4.0 m higher with 60 J of kinetic energy. Take g = 9.8 m/s². How much became internal energy?

A 6.0 kg cart is released from a spring with 320 J of elastic potential energy and moves on a rough track to a platform 3.0 m higher, still moving with 90 J of kinetic energy. Take g = 9.8 m/s². How much became internal energy?

A motor does 350 J of work pulling a box across a rough level floor. The box's kinetic energy increases from 0 J to 210 J. How much energy became internal energy of the box and floor?

A 1.5 kg toy car starts from rest at the top of a rough ramp 2.0 m high and reaches the bottom with 18 J of kinetic energy. Take g = 9.8 m/s². How much energy became internal energy?

Use the energy bar chart for a sled on rough snow. What should the blank internal-energy bar read?

An energy bar chart shows a rough-ramp ride from top to bottom. What is the bottom internal-energy bar?

The energy bar chart compares a rough-track cart before and after it moves. What is the internal-energy bar afterward?

Read the energy bar chart for a block sliding on rough wood. What value belongs in the internal-energy bar marked with a question mark at the end?

Use the energy bar chart for a ball moving through air resistance. What value belongs in the internal-energy bar marked with a question mark at the end?

The chart shows a rough slide with the bottom internal-energy bar left blank. What number completes the chart?

A crate is pushed at steady speed for 8.0 m across a rough level floor. The friction force on the crate is 35 N throughout. How much energy becomes internal energy of the crate and floor?

During a rough stop, an average friction force of 60 N acts opposite a sled's motion over 5.0 m. How much mechanical energy becomes internal energy of the sled and snow?

A box sliding on a rough level floor turns 600 J of mechanical energy into internal energy over a 12 m path. What average friction force produced that dissipation?