A water station handout reads: "Turbidity above 5 NTU triggers the backwash cycle. Log the reading, then initiate it." No term is defined anywhere on the page. Who is the target audience?

In a coastal cleanup vlog the narration says: "We keep finding microplastics, which just means plastic bits smaller than a grain of rice." What does this wording show about the target audience?

A barangay memo ends: "The council must choose between the Saturday schedule and the Sunday schedule before the rains arrive." Which audience does that last line address?

The crew page of a coastal cleanup program reads: "Sort bottles into the blue bin. Tie each full sack before stacking it." Which audience is being addressed?

Which single feature decides whether a piece addresses experts or laypeople?

Which single feature decides whether a piece addresses a managerial or a rank-and-file audience?

A fisherfolk cooperative report closes: "The board must approve one of the two buying prices before Friday, since either one changes what members earn." What kind of audience does the closing target?

The members' page of a fisherfolk cooperative report says: "Bring your catch to the weighing table by six in the morning." Which audience does this page address?

A vlog about a jeepney driver's day says: "His boundary, the fixed daily rent he pays for the unit, is due before dark." What does the phrasing tell you?

A research paragraph on a school feeding program notes: "Respondents self-reported intake and the instrument was not validated, so the estimates are indicative only." Which audience does this sentence assume?

An explainer on urban flooding was written in plain language for residents, but almost everyone who shares it works in drainage engineering. How is its audience best described?

An expert-facing line reads: "Split application at 30 and 55 days after transplanting raised yield 12 percent." To rewrite it for laypeople, what should change?

A memo asks a principal to pick one of two suppliers for a feeding program. What must the same information become when it is rewritten for the kitchen crew?

A piece that explains each of its technical terms as it introduces them is aimed at laypeople rather than experts.

A night market advisory posted before a storm reads: "Stallholders: move stock above knee height tonight and unplug the extension lines." Which audience does it address?

Before a storm, a city brief states: "Council must decide whether to fund the pumping station this quarter or defer it." Which audience does it address?

Four sentences from one report will go into a parents' newsletter. Which one most needs rewriting first?

A caption under a barangay health station clip reads: "Ask the midwife at the counter for your free iron tablets." What audience does the caption address?

Two lines report one finding. Line A: "Postharvest loss fell 8 percent under mechanical drying." Line B: "Less rice was spoiled when a machine dried it." Which is the expert version, and why?

A study routine vlog says: "I use spaced repetition on the tough cards" and moves straight on. What does moving straight on tell you about the audience?