Which term describes memory that loses its contents when power is removed?

What does RAM provide while a computer is running programs?

Which type of memory normally stores instructions that remain available when power is off?

The CPU is best defined as which computer component?

Which hardware component is specialized for rapidly rendering graphics and many parallel visual calculations?

What is the main circuit board that connects a computer's CPU, memory, and other components?

Which storage device uses flash memory and has no moving parts?

A keyboard, mouse, and printer are all examples of what kind of hardware?

What is the name for a group of eight bits handled as one unit?

What does the term bit mean in digital data?

Which number system uses only the digits 0 and 1?

In hexadecimal, which symbols are used after 9?

What is a pixel?

Which compression type can restore the original file exactly after decompression?

A message is divided into small units for travel across the internet. What is each unit called?

What term names an agreed set of rules for communication between networked devices?

Which device forwards data between different networks by choosing paths for packets?

What does bandwidth measure in a network connection?

A video call has a noticeable delay between speaking and hearing a reply. Which term names that delay?

Which identifier gives a device's location on the internet so routers can deliver packets to it?

What does a URL identify?

Malware that encrypts or locks files and demands payment is called what?

A fake message that imitates a trusted company to steal login details is a what?

Which security tool filters network traffic according to security rules?

What is encryption?

Which term means verifying that a user or system is really who or what it claims to be?

What is malware?

A program that can copy itself across networks without attaching to another program is called a what?

What is a digital footprint?

Which term describes unequal access to devices, internet service, or digital skills?

What doctrine can allow limited use of copyrighted material for purposes such as criticism, commentary, teaching, or research?

What does copyright protect?

Using someone else's work or ideas as if they were your own is called what?

Which term refers to respectful and appropriate behavior when communicating online?

In programming, what is a variable?

In a function definition, what is a parameter?

What is an argument in a function call?

Which term means a precise, ordered set of steps for solving a problem?

What programming structure chooses between actions based on whether a condition is true or false?

What does iteration mean in a program?

What is a function?

What is a return value?

In a list, what does an index identify?

Which language structures the content and meaning of a web page?

What is CSS used for on a web page?

Which web language is commonly used to make a page respond to user actions?

In HTML, what is a tag?

What is an HTML attribute?

What is a hyperlink?

What are training data in machine learning?

What is a data set?

In data and AI, what does bias mean?

What does correlation describe?

What is data visualization?

Which part of an automated system measures a condition such as light, temperature, or motion?

What is an actuator in a control system?

Which component uses inputs and rules to decide how an automated system should respond?

Which computing professional is hired to test an organization's security by attempting authorized attacks?

Who typically maintains an organization's network hardware, accounts, and connectivity?

Which professional manages databases, including access, backups, and performance?