A raven hides food in many spots. First it checks who is watching. If another raven saw, it returns alone and moves the food. Some ravens dig empty holes and cover them. Which central idea do these details convey?

A returning honeybee runs a straight line on the comb, waggling, then circles back and repeats. The angle of the run points toward the food. The longer she waggles, the farther the food lies. Which central idea do these details convey?

Ashford's library opened in 1971. It lends power tools, tents, and sewing machines. Its two borrowing rooms stay booked all winter. Staff say a card now gets more than books. Which sentence best develops the idea that the library's lending has widened?

Newly hatched sea turtles crawl toward the brightest horizon. On a dark beach that is the open ocean. Near a lit parking lot, hatchlings turn inland instead, away from the water. Which central idea do these details convey?

Emperor penguins press together in winter storms. Birds on the cold outer edge shuffle slowly toward the middle, and those in the warm center drift outward. The huddle keeps shifting all night. Which central idea do these details convey?

A paper wasp scrapes fibers from weathered wood, chews them with saliva, and spreads the pulp into thin gray sheets. Layer by layer the nest hardens into a shell that rain cannot soak through. Which central idea do these details convey?

An article reports that Ashford painted its roofs white, Ledbury planted 4,000 shade trees, and Marrow widened its parks, each to cool its streets. Which statement is the central idea rather than the topic or one detail?

Since Pine Hollow Middle School added sorting bins, cafeteria trash fell by half. Sixth graders weigh the bins each Friday. The compost feeds the school garden, which supplies the salad bar. Which central idea do these details convey?

The tide drains off a rocky shore twice a day. Barnacles seal shut to hold water inside. Sea stars slide under damp ledges. Anemones fold their arms inward. When the tide returns, all of them open again. Which central idea do these details convey?

Passage: "The town added a bus route in March. Ridership doubled by June." A student's summary sentence reads: "Sadly, the town waited far too long to add the route." That sentence adds a judgment the passage never states.

Passage: "Ashford's museum opened a night program in 2019 and added a weekend camp in 2021." Which sentence is the best objective summary?

Monarch butterflies fly south each fall to central Mexico, some traveling more than 2,000 miles. No single butterfly makes the round trip; several generations complete the return north. Which sentence is the best objective summary?

Oak Ridge Middle School moved its start time from 7:40 to 8:30. Attendance rose and late arrivals dropped by a third. Some parents had to change their work schedules. Which sentence is the best objective summary?

Researchers drill long cylinders of Antarctic ice. Bubbles trapped inside hold air from the year the snow fell. By counting the layers, they can read climates from thousands of years ago. Which sentence is the best objective summary?

Volunteers pulled 3 tons of trash from Ashford harbor last year. The city then added lidded bins along the docks. This spring's haul was under 1 ton. Which sentence is the best objective summary?

Great Basin bristlecone pines grow slowly in thin, rocky soil high in the mountains. Their dense wood resists rot and insects. Some living trees are more than 4,000 years old. Which sentence is the best objective summary?

A city survey asked 800 riders why they had left the bus. Half named unreliable timing and a third named cost. The city added GPS arrival displays before changing any fares. Which sentence is the best objective summary?

A student's summary of an article about beavers reads: (1) Beavers dam streams. (2) The ponds slow floodwater. (3) The ponds hold water in dry months. (4) Honestly, every town should hire beavers. Which sentence does not belong in an objective summary?

Each firefly species flashes its own pattern of light. Males repeat the pattern while flying, and females answer from the grass with a timed flash. A mismatched pattern gets no reply. Which sentence is the best objective summary?

The Marrow County fair moved to April in 2022 because July heat had cut attendance. The first April fair drew 12,000 people, the largest crowd in a decade. Which sentence is the best objective summary?