Passage: Our class should start a morning walking club. Students would get exercise before sitting, and several teachers say fresh air helps focus. What is the claim?

Passage: Apples and oranges are easy to serve, and many students skip dessert when fruit is ready. The cafeteria should offer a fruit bowl every day. What is the claim?

Passage: Our library needs more mystery books. Last month, every mystery shelf was checked out twice, and the waiting list is long. What is the claim?

Passage: Noise makes homework harder, and ten students already asked for a calm place. Fifth graders should have a quiet study room after lunch. What is the claim?

Passage: The park should add more shade near the playground. On hot afternoons, benches sit in full sun, and families leave early. What is the claim?

Passage: Students learn to plan carefully in art class. Our school should keep art class twice a week. The spring art show drew many visitors this year. What is the claim?

Passage: The bus line should stop beside the community pool. Many children cannot walk there safely, and the nearest stop is six blocks away. What is the claim?

Claim: The school should replace paper notices with email notices. Fact: Some families do not have regular internet access. Does the fact help or hurt the claim?

Claim: The playground should open before school. Fact: An adult monitor arrives thirty minutes before classes start. Does the fact help or hurt the claim?

Claim: Students should bring reusable water bottles. Fact: The school found fewer plastic bottles in trash cans during Bottle Week. Does the fact help or hurt?

Claim: The class should use digital timers during group work. Fact: The timer sound is too soft for noisy rooms. Does the fact help or hurt?

Claim: Our town should plant trees along Main Street. Fact: In summer, shaded sidewalks stay cooler for walkers. Does the fact help or hurt?

Passage: Please label recycling bins clearly in each hallway so our custodian can sort paper faster between classes. Who is the intended audience?

Passage: Remember to bring your practice logs Thursday, because our concert seats are assigned after logs are checked. Who is the intended audience?

Passage: Add extra crosswalk paint near Maple School; drivers turning right often miss the faded lines. Who is the intended audience?

Passage: Try the new garden journal page tonight; it has space for leaf sketches and daily watering notes. Who is the intended audience?

Passage: Vote for the longer recess plan at Friday's student council meeting; it adds playtime without shortening reading. Who is the intended audience?

Argument: The class should get standing desks because some students like moving while reading. What evidence is missing to make the argument stronger?

Argument: The school should add a second lunch line because lunch feels slow. What evidence is missing to make the argument stronger?

Argument: The town should build a bike path to the library because biking is fun. What evidence is missing to make the argument stronger?