A founder posts a product idea online and collects $18,000 in small pledges from 600 people who each get a unit when it ships. What funding source is this?

A retired founder writes a $120,000 personal check to a startup for 12% ownership and monthly coaching. What source of startup money is this?

A startup receives $3 million from a firm that invests a pooled fund and sends a partner to join the board. What funding source is this?

A food truck owner signs a note for $40,000 and must repay it over five years with interest. What source provided the capital?

A candle maker buys the first wax and jars with personal savings and takes no paycheck for six months. What startup funding source is being used?

A designer runs a preorder campaign where backers pay $45 now for a backpack they will receive later, and no stock is issued. What source is this?

A professional investment firm funds several apps from one pooled fund and asks each startup for preferred stock and a board vote. What source is this?

An experienced entrepreneur invests $50,000 of her own money in a startup for a 10% ownership stake and advice rights. What source is this?

A startup accepts a $60,000 bank loan. What is the main cost to the owner?

A venture capital fund buys 25% of a startup and receives a board seat. What has the owner given up?

A company raises $30,000 through rewards crowdfunding for a new water bottle. What cost should the owner plan for?

A founder bootstraps by using savings and delaying her salary. What cost does that source create for her?

An angel investor puts $200,000 into a young company for a 15% ownership share. What does this cost the owner?

A lender finances a $30,000 oven and requires the oven as collateral. What cost does this source put on the owner?

A one-person landscaping startup needs $6,000 for a used trailer. The owner has no savings, wants no partners, and has good credit. What source fits best?

A software startup needs $2 million to grow nationally fast and will accept outside owners and a board seat. What source fits best?

A board game maker needs $20,000 for its first production run. It has no savings or credit history, fans want to prepay, and it wants no new owners. What source fits best?

A boutique founder needs $4,000 for opening inventory, has enough savings, wants no debt, and can open slowly. What source fits best?

A scheduling app has no sales and no savings. It needs $100,000 and mentoring, is too small for large funds, and will trade a small stake. What source fits best?

A bakery needs a $12,000 oven, has steady sales, wants to keep full control, and can offer the oven as security. What source fits best?

A founder borrows $25,000 under a note that requires 36 monthly payments plus 8% interest. What kind of financing is this?

A founder raises $80,000 by selling an investor 25% of the company. What kind of financing is this?

A startup raises money by issuing preferred stock to an investor, who also receives a board seat. What kind of financing is this?

A supplier gives a startup 60 days to pay for inventory it receives today, and the invoice must be paid later. What kind of financing is this?

Two cofounders add $40,000 each and receive shares of ownership, with no fixed repayment date. What kind of financing is this?