"Rice is milled in stages. First the husk is removed. Next the bran layer is rubbed off. Last the grains are polished and sorted." Which text structure organizes this passage?

"Rinse the beans and drain them well. ___, spread them on a tray to dry in the sun." Which transition best fills the gap?

"First, the club costs nothing to join. Second, it meets beside the school gate. Third, it welcomes beginners." What do First, Second and Third do here?

Which feature best shows that a passage is process organization rather than plain chronological order?

"In 1901 the town opened its first school. In 1935 a road reached the plaza. In 1972 a flood washed the old bridge away." Which structure organizes this passage?

"Stir the gelatin into warm water until it dissolves. Chill the mixture for two hours. Slice it and serve it cold." Why can these steps not be reordered?

"At dawn the fishers pushed off from the shore. By noon a strong wind rose. At dusk the boats returned with half a catch." What does the passage claim about the wind and the small catch?

"Cover the pot and let the soup simmer for ten minutes. ___, season it with salt and take it off the heat." Which transition best fills the gap?

"Soak the beans overnight, then boil them. Beans that are not soaked stay hard in the middle after boiling." Which detail shows the order is required, not merely convenient?

A passage explains how a typhoon forms, from warm ocean water to a spinning storm. No reader can carry out these stages. Is the passage still process organization?

A passage can use words like first, then and finally and still not be a process description.

"Many creeks clog every rainy season. Barangays now hold monthly clean-up drives, and several have added covered bins along the banks." Which structure organizes this passage?

"Knead the dough for ten minutes. Because warm dough rises faster, keep the bowl away from the window. Cover it and wait an hour." What is the cause-and-effect sentence doing here?

Chronological order and process organization are the same text structure.

"Place the seeds on damp cotton. Wait for the sprouts to show. Soak the seeds for one hour. Move the sprouts into soil." Which stage is out of order?

"Sand the wood smooth. Wipe off the dust. Brush on the paint. Fill the cracks with putty." Which stage is out of order?

"Get your adviser's signature. Submit the form at the registrar. Print the form from the school website. Claim your schedule." Which stage is out of order?

"Preheat the oven. Mix the batter. Grease the pan. Bake for thirty minutes." Which two stages could swap places without spoiling the result?

"Before the coconut meat is grated, the shell is split open. After the meat is grated, it is pressed for milk." Which action happens first?

"The mixture is chilled after it is strained. It is strained once the sugar has dissolved." Which action happens first?

"Pour hot water over the leaves. Wait three minutes. Lift out the leaves and drink." Which stage is missing at the beginning of these directions?

A milling guide says harvested rice must be dried to about 14 percent moisture before milling. What happens if the drying stage is moved after milling?

"A nature guide lists a frog's life in this order: egg, tadpole, froglet, adult." Which stage does the guide place immediately after the tadpole stage?

"Beat the egg whites until stiff. Fold them gently into the batter. Pour the batter into the pan." Which stage depends on an earlier stage being finished?

"Weigh the sample. Dry it in the oven for an hour. Weigh it again and compare the two readings." Why must the first weighing keep its place?

"Loosen the soil. Water the bed well. Sow the seeds thinly. Cover them lightly with soil." Which pair of stages must keep the order the passage gives?

A poster lists these stages of paper recycling in a jumbled order: pulping, sorting, pressing into sheets, collecting. Which stage belongs first?

"Wet the cloth. Add a drop of soap. Scrub the stain. Rinse the cloth in clean water." A reader asks whether the order matters. Which question best settles it?

"Lola woke at five. She boiled water for coffee, fed the chickens, and walked to the market before the rain came." Is this a process description or a narrative in time order?

Which feature marks a passage as a narrative in time order rather than a process description?

A writer wants to turn a story about one baking day into a process description. Which change does the most to make it one?

Which sentence belongs to a process description rather than to a narrative?

"First Mario tied the boat. Then he sold his catch. Finally he rode home in the dark." A student calls this a process because of the signal words. Why is the student wrong?

What is the purpose of a process description that a narrative in time order does not share?

"Aling Rosa showed me her stall. 'Soak the rice for an hour,' she said, 'then grind it and steam it in small cups.' I bought two puto and left." What does the quoted part do?

A process description must work for a reader who was never present when it was carried out.

Which opening line signals that a process description follows?

"Last Tuesday the barangay cleared the creek. Volunteers came at six, hauled out plastic until noon, and shared lunch under the bridge." Which structure organizes this passage?

A feature article on salt making says: "Seawater is led into shallow beds. The sun dries it for days. Workers rake the crust into piles." What makes this a process description?

"Fill the tube to the 10 mL line. Add two drops of dye and swirl. Leave the tube upright for five minutes, then record the color." What can a reader do with this passage that a story could not offer?