A raven hides food in many spots. First it checks who is watching. If another raven saw, it returns alone and moves the food. Some ravens dig empty holes and cover them. Which central idea do these details convey?

A returning honeybee runs a straight line on the comb, waggling, then circles back and repeats. The angle of the run points toward the food. The longer she waggles, the farther the food lies. Which central idea do these details convey?

Ashford's library opened in 1971. It lends power tools, tents, and sewing machines. It lends novels to more than 400 readers each month. Cards are free to anyone in town. Which detail best supports the idea that lending has widened beyond books?

Newly hatched sea turtles crawl toward the brightest horizon. On a dark beach that is the open ocean. Near a lit parking lot, hatchlings turn inland instead, away from the water. Which central idea do these details convey?

Emperor penguins press together in winter storms. Birds on the cold outer edge shuffle slowly toward the middle, and those in the warm center drift outward. The huddle keeps shifting all night. Which central idea do these details convey?

A paper wasp scrapes fibers from weathered wood, chews them with saliva, and spreads the pulp into thin gray sheets. Layer by layer the nest hardens into a shell that rain cannot soak through. Which central idea do these details convey?

An article reports that Ashford painted its roofs white, Ledbury planted 4,000 shade trees, and Marrow widened its parks, each to cool its streets. What statement is the main idea rather than the topic or one detail?

Since Malaya Elementary added sorting bins, canteen trash fell by half. Grade 6 pupils weigh the bins each Friday. The compost feeds the school garden, which supplies the canteen. Which central idea do these details convey?

A tide pool drains twice a day. Barnacles seal shut to hold water inside. Sea stars slide under damp ledges. Anemones fold their arms inward. When the tide returns, all of them open again. Which central idea do these details convey?

Passage: "The town added a bus route in March. Ridership doubled by June." A student writes: "Sadly, the town waited far too long to add the route." True or False: that sentence states a fact from the passage.

Ashford's museum opened a night program in 2019. It added a weekend camp in 2021. A teen art class starts in June. Which phrase best names the topic of this passage?

Monarch butterflies fly south each autumn to central Mexico, some crossing more than 4,000 kilometers. No single butterfly makes the round trip; several generations complete the return north. What is the main idea?

Sampaguita Elementary moved its start from 7:40 to 8:30. Attendance rose and late arrivals dropped by a third. Some parents had to change their work hours. Which detail best supports the idea that the later start helped pupils?

Researchers drill long cylinders of Antarctic ice. Bubbles trapped inside hold air from the year the snow fell. By counting the layers, they can read climates from thousands of years ago. What is the main idea of this passage?

Volunteers pulled 3 tons of trash from Ashford harbor last year. The city then added lidded bins along the docks. This spring's haul was under 1 ton. Which detail best supports the idea that the lidded bins are working?

Great Basin bristlecone pines grow slowly in thin, rocky soil high in the mountains. Their dense wood resists rot and insects. Some living trees are more than 4,000 years old. What is the main idea of this passage?

A city survey asked 800 riders why they had left the bus. Half named unreliable timing and a third named cost. The city added GPS arrival displays before changing any fares. Which phrase best names the topic of this passage?

A student's summary of an article about beavers reads: (1) Beavers dam streams. (2) The ponds slow floodwater. (3) The ponds hold water in dry months. (4) Honestly, every town should hire beavers. What sentence does not belong in an objective summary?

Each firefly species flashes its own pattern of light. Males repeat the pattern while flying, and females answer from the grass with a timed flash. A mismatched pattern gets no reply. What is the main idea of this passage?

The town fiesta moved to January in 2022 because May heat had cut attendance. The first January fiesta drew 12,000 people, the largest crowd in a decade. Which detail best supports the idea that the move worked?