"I hid the letter under my mat before Nanay came home from the palengke. My hands shook. I told no one in our barangay." Which point of view does this passage use?

"Mateo watched the ferry leave the Batangas port. He wondered whether his cousin was still angry, but no answer came." Which point of view does this passage use?

"Aling Rosa believed the storm would pass by morning. Across the street, Ramil already knew the boat was gone. Neither of them spoke." Which point of view does this passage use?

A story is told from beginning to end by Ligaya, a Grade 7 student in Iloilo. What can this narrator NOT tell readers directly?

Chapter one follows Dina in Cebu. Chapter two begins: "Kuya Ben had never trusted the sea, and that night he told no one why." What has changed?

"Lito took the last piece of bibingka without asking. His sister Mila said nothing and washed the plates." Told from Mila's perspective, what would this passage most likely add?

Paz Marquez Benitez's story "Dead Stars" follows Alfredo Salazar and opens only his mind to readers. Which point of view does the story use?

In Jose Garcia Villa's "Footnote to Youth", readers follow the thoughts of a young man as he asks to marry. Whose perspective shapes the telling?

A story says: "I waited by the gate for Tatay. He never came." Later it says: "Tatay had already boarded the bus, certain his son would understand." What does the later line show?

A narrator reports what three cousins in Bohol are each thinking during the same fiesta. What does this tell you about the narrator?

A first person narrator can be wrong about what another character is feeling.

A narrator follows Nena through a market in Tacloban and reports what she notices. Which detail could this narrator NOT report?

"Rico's teacher kept him in the room after class. Rico decided she disliked him." Told from the teacher's perspective, how would this event most likely read?

A story opens with Lola Ising telling her grandchildren about the war, then moves into her memory. What does this framing do?

A diary kept by a fisherman in Zambales records each day's catch and his worries about the season. Which point of view do readers get?

"We packed the jeepney at dawn. Manong Ador smiled, though inside he counted the pesos he still owed." Which words show the telling has left the speaker's knowledge?

Two versions of one fiesta scene exist. Version A is told using "I". Version B reports what many villagers think. What does Version B gain?

A story is told by seven-year-old Ana. The adults' argument appears only as "loud voices in the kitchen". Why does the text report so little?

"Ate Cely will never forgive me," I thought as the tricycle turned the corner. Whose feelings does this sentence actually report?

A story is told by Marisol. Halfway through, a chapter begins: "Marisol did not notice her brother crying in the next room." What has happened?